Functionalised magnetic nanoparticles for uranium adsorption with ultra-high capacity and selectivity
Functionalised magnetic nanoparticles for uranium adsorption with ultra-high capacity and selectivity
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DOI：
10.1039/c7ta09240g
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发表时间：
2018-02-21
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Ryan, M. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cal, E.;Qi, J.;Ryan, M. P.
从环境中去除放射性污染物以实现安全和有效的废物处置是一项重大挑战，需要开发新型选择性和高容量的隔离材料。本文描述了超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（SPIONs）作为铀（U(VI)）分离的高效磁吸附结构的设计。该纳米吸附剂是用磷酸基复合涂层对单晶磁铁矿（Fe3O4）纳米颗粒进行表面功能化制备的。这种新设计允许开发一种磁可分离的超有效吸附剂，其测量的U（VI）吸附容量类似于2333 mg U / g Fe (1690 mg U / g Fe3O4 NP)，显着高于之前报道的所有内容。基于TEM分析，提出这些特性是多层配体结构的结果，与传统的表面配体系统相比，它能够实现高度的u掺入。此外，磷酸盐- np结构（(PO)x-Fe3O4）在pH为7的溶液中对U（VI）的隔离表现出异常高的特异性。在Sr（II）、Ca（II）和Mg（II）等竞争离子存在下的吸附试验表明，纳米颗粒对U（VI）具有很高的选择性，并且从溶液中去除污染物的动力学非常快，与纳米颗粒接触仅60秒即可去除全部铀酰离子。本文的研究结果强调了这种磷酸盐功能化磁性纳米吸附剂作为一种高效材料的潜力，可用于从受污染的水中和工业场景中修复U（VI）。
The removal of radioactive contaminants from the environment for safe and efficient waste disposal is a critical challenge, requiring the development of novel selective and high-capacity sequestering materials. In this paper the design of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as highly efficient magnetic-sorbent structures for uranium (U(VI)) separation is described. The nanosorbent was developed by surface functionalisation of single crystalline magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with a phosphate-based complex coating. This new design allowed for the development of a magnetically separable ultra-effective sorbent, with a measured U(VI) sorption capacity of similar to 2333 mg U per g Fe (1690 mg U per g Fe3O4 NP), significantly higher than everything previously reported. Based on TEM analysis, it is proposed that these properties are the result of a multi-layer ligand structure, which enables a high degree of U-incorporation compared to conventional surface-ligand systems. Moreover, the phosphate-NP construct ((PO)x-Fe3O4) shows exceptionally high specificity for the sequestration of U(VI) in solution at pH 7. Adsorption tests in the presence of competing ions, such as Sr(II), Ca(II) and Mg(II), showed high selectivity of the nanoparticles for U(VI) and extremely rapid kinetics of contaminant removal from solution, with the total amount of uranyl ions being removed after only 60 seconds of contact with the NPs. The results presented in this paper highlight the potential of such a phosphate-functionalised magnetic nanosorbent as a highly effective material for the remediation of U(VI) from contaminated water and industrial scenarios.