Stabilizing spin spirals and isolated skyrmions at low magnetic field exploiting vanishing magnetic anisotropy.

Stabilizing spin spirals and isolated skyrmions at low magnetic field exploiting vanishing magnetic anisotropy.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03240-w
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发表时间:
2018-03-09
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Wulfhekel W
Wulfhekel W
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hervé M;Dupé B;Lopes R;Böttcher M;Martins MD;Balashov T;Gerhard L;Sinova J;Wulfhekel W

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Skyrmions是一种受拓扑保护的非共线磁性结构。它们的稳定性非常适合于在例如赛道存储器中携带信息。这种存储器的成功关键取决于在低磁场下稳定和操纵天空微子的能力。源于自旋-轨道耦合的非共线Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用驱动着Skyrmion的形成。它与海森堡交换和有利于共线态的磁各向异性相竞争。到目前为止,超薄膜中孤立的Skyrmions需要高达几特斯拉的磁场。在这里,我们证明了在Co/Ru(0001)单层中孤立的Skyrmions可以稳定到消失的场。即使在4d元素Ru的自旋-轨道耦合很弱的情况下,也可以用自旋敏感扫描隧道显微镜检测到同手性自旋螺旋和孤立的Skyrmions。密度泛函理论计算解释了在没有磁各向异性能的情况下手性磁特征的稳定性。Skyrmions在自旋电子学方面很有希望,但通常需要5d金属和外部磁场的大的自旋-轨道耦合。在这里,作者实现了孤立的Skyrmions在4d-金属界面上的稳定化,该界面具有弱手征相互作用和磁各向异性,直至消失场。
Skyrmions are topologically protected non-collinear magnetic structures. Their stability is ideally suited to carry information in, e.g., racetrack memories. The success of such a memory critically depends on the ability to stabilize and manipulate skyrmions at low magnetic fields. The non-collinear Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction originating from spin-orbit coupling drives skyrmion formation. It competes with Heisenberg exchange and magnetic anisotropy favoring collinear states. Isolated skyrmions in ultra-thin films so far required magnetic fields as high as several Tesla. Here, we show that isolated skyrmions in a monolayer of Co/Ru(0001) can be stabilized down to vanishing fields. Even with the weak spin-orbit coupling of the 4d element Ru, homochiral spin spirals and isolated skyrmions were detected with spin-sensitive scanning tunneling microscopy. Density functional theory calculations explain the stability of the chiral magnetic features by the absence of magnetic anisotropy energy. Skyrmions are promising for spintronics but usually require large spin-orbit coupling of 5d-metals and external magnetic field. Here the authors realize stabilization of isolated skyrmions at a 4d-metal interface of weak chiral interaction and magnetic anisotropy down to vanishing field.
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