Psychophysics of reading. Clinical predictors of low-vision reading speed.
Psychophysics of reading. Clinical predictors of low-vision reading speed.
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发表时间：
1992-03
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
G. Legge;J. A. Ross;L. Isenberg;James M. LoMoy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Legge;J. A. Ross;L. Isenberg;James M. LoMoy
临床医生需要估计他们的低视力患者在日常视觉任务（如阅读或驾驶）中的表现。通常，直接度量任务性能或管理一系列冗长的特殊测试是不实际的。最近的实验室研究表明，一些常规的临床数据可能有助于预测阅读表现。本研究的目的是确定一套有前景的简单测量方法——斯奈伦锐度、中央视野和眼介质状态、诊断和年龄——是否可以在临床环境中用于预测阅读速度。141名患者来到明尼阿波利斯盲人协会的低视力诊所，接受了全面的视力检查和阅读速度测试。Snellen敏锐度只占整体阅读速度差异的10%，但在中心缺失的受试者中发挥了更重要的作用。年龄是比敏锐度更好的预测因素。与年龄相关的黄斑病变的诊断表明，阅读速度比其他原因导致的中央视野丧失要慢，但这种差异归因于年龄。介质状态（透明或浑浊）没有预测价值。我们的临床预测指标只占低视力阅读速度差异的30%左右。虽然来自更详细的视觉测试的数据可能会改善预测，但年龄等非视觉因素也可能导致差异。与依赖于视觉测试的预测相比，低视力阅读的临床评估可以通过设计适当的阅读测试来轻松完成。
Clinicians need to estimate how well their low-vision patients will perform everyday visual tasks such as reading or driving. Typically, it is not practical to measure task performance directly or to administer a lengthy series of special tests. Recent laboratory research has suggested that some routine clinical data may be useful in predicting reading performance. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a promising set of simple measures--Snellen acuity, status of the central fields and ocular media, diagnosis, and age--could be used in a clinical setting to predict reading speed. One hundred and forty one patients who entered the low-vision clinic of the Minneapolis Society for the Blind received thorough eye examinations and a test of reading speed. Snellen acuity accounted for only 10% of the variance in reading speeds overall, but played a more important role for subjects with central loss. Age was a better predictor than acuity. A diagnosis of age-related maculopathy predicted slower reading speed than other causes of central-field loss, but the difference was attributed to age. Media status (clear or cloudy) had no predictive value. Our set of clinical predictors accounted for only about 30% of the variance in low-vision reading speeds. While data from more detailed visual testing might improve prediction, nonvisual factors such as age probably also contribute to the variance. Rather than relying on predictions from visual testing, clinical assessment of low-vision reading may be accomplished most easily with a suitably designed reading test.