A large-grain rice cultivar, Akita 63, exhibits high yields with high physiological N-use efficiency
A large-grain rice cultivar, Akita 63, exhibits high yields with high physiological N-use efficiency
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2005.10.003
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Makino, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mae, T;Inaba, A;Makino, A
大粒型粳稻新品种秋田63具有高产和高氮素生理利用效率。秋田63和三个参考品种，Yukigeshou，Toyonishiki和/或Alitakomachi在不同水平的氮供应的领域中种植了三年。秋田63的籽粒产量比参比品种增产22-58%。最高产量为9.83 t ha（-1）糙米（脱壳）（约12.3 t ha（-1）糙米（未脱壳））。地上部分的干重和收获时的小穗数，以及在齐穗期的总叶面积（LAI）在地上部分积累的一定量的N（植株N）之间没有差异秋田63和参考品种。然而，收获时一定量的植株氮和一定单位的叶面积指数下，秋田63的籽粒产量或穗干重比参比品种高，这是因为秋田63的干物质分配到穗中的比例比参比品种高。由于秋田63的粒级比参比品种大35%左右，因此秋田63的库容量（单位土地面积的小穗数×粒级）比参比品种大得多。秋田63的秆和叶鞘中淀粉的再积累非常有限，而参考品种在灌浆后期淀粉的再积累显著。当盆栽秋田63和参考品种丰锦在不同成熟阶段用（CO2）-C-13饲喂时，在收获时检查C-13分配到组成器官中，分配到穗中的C-13的比例在整个成熟期在秋田63中高得多。这些结果表明，秋田63是一个氮素生理利用效率上级的高产粳稻新品种。(c)2005 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
A new large-grain cultivar, Akita 63, of japonica-type rice exhibited high yields with high physiological nitrogen (N)-use efficiency for grain production. Akita 63 and three reference cultivars, Yukigesyou, Toyonishiki and/or Alitakomachi were grown in a field with different levels of N supply for three years. The grain yield of Akita 63 was 22-58% greater than that of the reference cultivars. The highest yield was 9.83 t ha(-1) of brown (hulled) rice (approximately 12.3 t ha(-1) of rough (unhulled) rice). The dry weight of the aboveground part and the number of spikelets at harvest, and the total leaf area (LAI) at the full-heading stage for a given amount of N accumulated in the aboveground part (plant N) did not differ between Akita 63 and the reference cultivars. The grain yield or panicle dry weight for a given amount of plant N at harvest and for a given unit of LAI were, however, greater in Akita 63 (superior in physiological N-use efficiency) than in the reference cultivars because of a higher proportion of dry matter partitioning into panicles in Akita 63 than in the reference cultivars. As the grain size of Akita 63 was about 35% larger than that of the reference cultivars, the sink capacity (the number of spikelets per unit land area x grain size) for a given amount of plant N was much larger in Akita 63. Reaccumulation of starch in the culms and leaf sheaths was very limited in Akita 63, but remarkable in the reference cultivars in the late stage of grain filling. When pot-grown Akita 63 and the reference cultivar, Toyonishiki, at different stages of ripening were fed with (CO2)-C-13 and C-13 partitioning into constituent organs was examined at harvest, the proportion of C-13 partitioned into panicles was much higher in Akita 63 throughout the ripening period. These results indicate that Akita 63 is a new type of high yielding cultivar of japonica-type rice, superior in physiological N-use efficiency. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.