What is the primary cause of individual differences in contrast sensitivity?
What is the primary cause of individual differences in contrast sensitivity?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0069536
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Baker DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker DH
早期视觉处理的主要目标之一是检测亮度变化，通常称为图像对比度。正常的观察者在这种能力上至少可以相差4倍，然而这种差异通常被忽视，并且从未得到令人信服的解释。本研究使用两种技术来调查对比敏感度个体差异的主要来源。首先，噪声掩蔽实验评估差异是否是由于观察者的内部噪声，或者他们从刺激中提取信息的效率。其次，对比度判别功能从18个以前的研究进行了比较（成对的，研究内），使用计算模型，以确定是否差异是由于内部噪声或低电平增益特性的对比度转导。综上所述，证据表明对比度增益的差异是正常人群中大部分个体变异的原因。这一结果与注意力和弱视的相关研究结果进行了比较。
One of the primary objectives of early visual processing is the detection of luminance variations, often termed image contrast. Normal observers can differ in this ability by at least a factor of 4, yet this variation is typically overlooked, and has never been convincingly explained. This study uses two techniques to investigate the main source of individual variations in contrast sensitivity. First, a noise masking experiment assessed whether differences were due to the observer’s internal noise, or the efficiency with which they extracted information from the stimulus. Second, contrast discrimination functions from 18 previous studies were compared (pairwise, within studies) using a computational model to determine whether differences were due to internal noise or the low level gain properties of contrast transduction. Taken together, the evidence points to differences in contrast gain as being responsible for the majority of individual variation across the normal population. This result is compared with related findings in attention and amblyopia.
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