Genetic diversity of Japanese chestnut cultivars assessed by SSR markers
Genetic diversity of Japanese chestnut cultivars assessed by SSR markers
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利用SSR标记评估日本板栗品种的遗传多样性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
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通讯作者：
T. Saito
中科院分区：
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作者：
S. Nishio;Toshiya Yamamoto;S. Terakami;Y. Sawamura;N. Takada;T. Saito
日本对板栗的利用历史悠久。许多栽培品种在遗传变异方面没有得到充分的组织和研究就被保存了下来。利用日本栗SSR富集基因组文库，开发了12个新的日本栗SSR标记。12对SSR引物均能在栗属6个种中成功扩增出片段。利用SSR分子标记对216份板栗种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析，其中日本栗142份，中国栗38份。mollissima）、欧洲板栗（C. sativa）、美洲板栗（C. dentata）和23个日中杂种。在216份材料中，共鉴定出21个同义词组（包括1个芽变组），189个不同基因型。日本栗的观察杂合度（HO）和期望杂合度（HE）的平均值分别为0.65和0.65。189个基因型的表型图显示了3个主要类群，分别对应于日本栗、中国栗和美国栗。中国板栗类群主要包括日中杂交品种。本研究对日本板栗的遗传背景进行了分析，发现了许多具有相同SSR基因型的同义词，并对“垂柳”和“无刺”等独特性状的遗传和地理关系进行了探讨。这些结果将提高品种鉴定和板栗育种计划的效率。
The history of chestnut utilization in Japan is very long. Many cultivars have been preserved without being sufficiently organized and studied with respect to genetic variation. We developed 12 new SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers from Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata) by using SSR-enriched genomic libraries. All 12 primer pairs selected for SSR analysis successfully amplified fragments in 6 Castanea species. The genetic diversity and relationships among 216 chestnut accessions were assessed by SSR markers, including 142 Japanese chestnuts, 38 Chinese chestnuts (C. mollissima), 2 European chestnuts (C. sativa), 9 American chestnuts (C. dentata), and 23 Japanese–Chinese hybrids. Among the 216 accessions, we identified 21 synonym groups (including 1 bud sport group), and 189 different genotypes. The mean values of observed heterozygosity (HO) and the expected heterozygosity (HE) in the Japanese chestnuts were 0.65 and 0.65, respectively. A phenogram of the 189 genotypes revealed 3 major groups, corresponding to Japanese, Chinese and American chestnuts. Japanese–Chinese hybrid cultivars were mainly included in the Chinese chestnut group. In the present study, genetic backgrounds could be identified for native and cultivated Japanese chestnuts and Japanese–Chinese hybrid cultivars, and many synonyms showing identical SSR genotypes were found. Genetic and geographical relationships of unique characteristics such as “Shidareguri” (weeping) and “Togenashi” (spineless) were also discussed. These results will improve the efficiency of cultivar identification and of chestnut breeding programs.