Out of sight, not out of mind: strategies for handling missing data.
Out of sight, not out of mind: strategies for handling missing data.
复制标题
眼不见心不烦:处理丢失数据的策略。
DOI:
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
T. Neilands
中科院分区:
文献类型:
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作者:
E. Buhi;P. Goodson;T. Neilands
OBJECTIVE
To describe and illustrate missing data mechanisms (MCAR, MAR, NMAR) and missing data techniques (MDTs) and offer recommended best practices for addressing missingness.
METHOD
We simulated data sets and employed ad hoc MDTs (deletion techniques, mean substitution) and sophisticated MDTs (full information maximum likelihood, Bayesian estimation, multiple imputation) in linear regression analyses.
RESULTS
MCAR data yielded unbiased parameter estimates across all MDTs, but loss of power with deletion methods. NMAR results were biased towards larger values and greater significance. Under MAR the sophisticated MDTs returned estimates closer to their original values.
CONCLUSION
State-of-the-art, readily available MDTs outperform ad hoc techniques.