Out of sight, not out of mind: strategies for handling missing data.

Out of sight, not out of mind: strategies for handling missing data.
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眼不见心不烦:处理丢失数据的策略。

DOI:
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
T. Neilands
T. Neilands
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
E. Buhi;P. Goodson;T. Neilands

文献摘要

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目的 描述和说明缺失数据机制(MCAR、MAR、NMAR)和缺失数据技术(MDT),并提供解决缺失问题的推荐最佳实践。 方法 我们模拟了数据集,并在线性回归分析中使用了临时MDT(删除技术、均值替换)和复杂的MDT(全信息最大似然、贝叶斯估计、多重插补)。 结果 MCAR数据在所有MDT中均得到无偏参数估计值,但删除方法的把握度损失。NMAR结果偏向较大值和较大显著性。在最低年利率下,复杂的多指标测试返回的估计数更接近其原始值。 结论 最先进的、现成的MDT优于临时技术。
OBJECTIVE To describe and illustrate missing data mechanisms (MCAR, MAR, NMAR) and missing data techniques (MDTs) and offer recommended best practices for addressing missingness. METHOD We simulated data sets and employed ad hoc MDTs (deletion techniques, mean substitution) and sophisticated MDTs (full information maximum likelihood, Bayesian estimation, multiple imputation) in linear regression analyses. RESULTS MCAR data yielded unbiased parameter estimates across all MDTs, but loss of power with deletion methods. NMAR results were biased towards larger values and greater significance. Under MAR the sophisticated MDTs returned estimates closer to their original values. CONCLUSION State-of-the-art, readily available MDTs outperform ad hoc techniques.