Agreement based land consolidation – In perspective of new modes of governance
Agreement based land consolidation – In perspective of new modes of governance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.01.027
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
N. Haldrup
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Haldrup
对选定的中欧和东欧国家新的治理模式的绩效进行的一项比较研究指出，国家和民间社会治理能力薄弱以及利益攸关方之间缺乏相互信任，阻碍了环境政策新的治理模式的出现（Börzel，2009年a）。这篇文章的目的是提请注意基于协议的土地整理，以执行基于区域的环境政策。文章认为，完全基于协议的土地整理可以科普国家和民间社会的能力限制，同时适用新治理模式的原则。研究问题是：（一）新的治理模式的原则是如何适用于基于协议的土地整理？(ii)协议土地整理的激励机制和技术手段是什么？以及（iii）基于协议的土地整理方法的能力建设要求是什么？丹麦的土地合并程序被用作基于协议的办法的一个例子。交易技术，计划技术和激励暴露与交易成本理论。并以社会资本理论为基础，说明了网络环境对信任的影响。湿地项目作为一个例子，基于区域的环境项目，并说明了一个案例。数据，但不完整，表明，协议为基础的土地整理一直是，并被用作一个重要的执行工具，在丹麦的土地有关的环境政策。文章的结论是，基于协议的方法显示了新的治理模式的主要特征。自愿协议的原则赠款受影响的非国家行为者一个强有力的地位，以影响最终的政策结果，他们通过当地知识和调解作出贡献。这种做法避免了传统的强制执行。基于协议的土地整理是可能的，但依赖于苛刻的先决条件。在激励措施和能力建设方面的投资有着广泛的好处。
A comparative study on the performance of new modes of governance in selected Central and Eastern European countries stated the problem that the emergence of new modes of governance in environmental policy is impaired by weak governance capacities in state and civil society and lack of mutual trust among stakeholders (Börzel, 2009a). The purpose of this article is to draw attention to agreement based land consolidation for implementation of area based environmental policies. The article contends that land consolidation exclusively based on agreements can cope with capacity constraints in state and civil society and at the same time apply the principles of new modes of governance. The research questions are: (i) how are principles of new modes of governance applied in agreement based land consolidation? (ii) what are the incentives and the technique in agreement based land consolidation? and (iii) what are the capacity building requirements for an agreement based land consolidation approach? The Danish land consolidation procedure is used as an example of an agreement based approach. Transaction technique, planning technique, and incentives are exposed with reference to transaction cost theory. The impact on trust is illuminated with reference to theory on social capital. The wetland projects serve as an example of area based environmental projects and is illustrated by a case. Data, however incomplete, indicate that agreement based land consolidation has been and is used as an important implementation tool in land related environmental policies in Denmark. The article concludes that the agreement based approach displays key features of new modes of governance. The principle of voluntary agreements grants the affected non-state actors a strong position to influence the final policy outcome and they contribute with local knowledge and mediation. The approach avoids conventional enforcement. Agreement based land consolidation is possible but relies on demanding preconditions. The investment in incentives and capacity building can be justified by a broad range of benefits.