Special climatological conditions in the deserts of Sinai and the Negev during the latest Pleistocene
Special climatological conditions in the deserts of Sinai and the Negev during the latest Pleistocene
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更新世末期西奈和内盖夫沙漠的特殊气候条件
DOI：
10.1016/0031-0182(83)90048-2
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. J. Bruins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Issar;H. J. Bruins
过去十年在西奈半岛和内盖夫沙漠进行的水文和地质调查的结果表明，独特的气候和水文条件在大约10年前占主导地位。100，000和CA。这种独特性表现在以下几个方面：1. (1)较高的降水和补给率导致努比亚砂岩含水层通过西奈中部的露头被填满，并通过沿着叙利亚-非洲裂谷系统断层出现的大泉溢出。这种水具有特殊的同位素组成，即贫18 O和氘，并且后者的过量程度较低。(2)沙尘暴盛行，可能主要是在秋季，造成了厚厚的黄土层沉积。湿润时期的降雨量是现在的两倍. (3)西奈西部和北方的许多干河以及内盖夫的排水系统在雨季无法排出所有的泥沙，在这个季节，许多干河中的浅湖和沼泽扩展。(4)洪水和流入死海裂谷的泉水形成了比现在的死海高出200米的里桑湖。
Results of hydrological and geological investigations carried out during the last ten years in the deserts of the Sinai and the Negev indicate that unique climatological and hydrological conditions prevailed between ca. 100,000 and ca. 10,000 yr B.P.The uniqueness was expressed by the following characteristics:1.(1) Higher precipitation and recharge rates caused the Nubian Sandstone aquifers to be filled up through the outcrops in central Sinai and to overflow through big springs emerging along the faults of the Syrian—African rift system. This water is of special isotopic composition, namely depleted in18O and deuterium and with a lower excess of the latter.2.(2) Dust-laden rainstorms prevailed, probably mainly during the autumn season, causing the deposition of thick layers of loess. The quantity of rain during the humid periods was double that of the present.3.(3) The drainage system of many western and northern wadis of Sinai as well as the Negev could not drain out all the silt-loaded water during the rainy season, and shallow lakes and marshes extended in many wadis during this season.4.(4) The floods and the springs flowing into the Dead Sea rift valley contributed to the Lisan Lake, which was 200 m above the level of the contemporary Dead Sea.