Association between breast feeding, child development and behaviour
Association between breast feeding, child development and behaviour
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-3782(97)00062-5
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发表时间：
1997-10-29
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Emmett, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golding, J;Rogers, IS;Emmett, PM
一致的数据表明，平均而言，母乳喂养的儿童比配方奶粉喂养的同龄人智力更强。10项人口研究中有8项和所有3项低出生体重婴儿研究都表明了这一点。一般来说，孩子母乳喂养的时间越长，效果越明显。有证据表明，母乳喂养前已巴氏消毒没有这种效果，但新鲜母乳是有效的，无论牛奶是通过管或乳房，但没有研究已经能够有足够的统计能力和能力，允许其他混杂因素，如父母的能力，父母的智商和其他因素，可能会解释这些发现。来自视觉敏锐度研究的额外数据显示母乳喂养与视力增强之间存在关联，这被假设是由于母乳中独特的脂肪酸组成。智力发育的差异也可能与这些脂肪酸有关。对智力发育影响的其他解释涉及早期感染的可能后果，特别是胃肠炎，这在奶瓶喂养的婴儿中更常见。与许多关于认知功能和母乳喂养的出版物相比，只有一篇关于神经功能障碍（显示母乳喂养的保护作用）和一篇关于儿童行为（使用教师的评估，没有发现与母乳喂养的关系）。这两个领域都需要进一步研究。(C)1997 Elsevier Science爱尔兰有限公司
Consistent data are available to suggest that children who have been breast fed are, on average, intellectually more able than their formula-fed contemporaries. This has been shown in eight of 10 population studies and all three studies of low birthweight infants. Tn general, the longer the child has been breast fed the more pronounced the effect. There is evidence that breast milk that has been pasteurised before feeding does not have this effect, but that fresh breast milk is effective whether the milk is delivered by tube or by the breast, However no studies have been able to have both sufficient statistical power and the ability to allow for other confounders such as parental ability, parental IQ and other factors that might explain these findings. Additional data from studies of visual acuity show an association between breast feeding and enhanced vision which is hypothesised to be due to the unique fatty acid composition of breast milk. The differences in intellectual development might also be related to these fatty acids. Alternative explanations for the effect on intellectual development concern the possible consequences of early infections, particularly gastroenteritis, which are more common in bottle-fed babies. In contrast with the many publications on cognitive function and breast feeding, there was only one on neurological dysfunction (showing a protective effect of breast feeding) and one on childhood behaviour (using the teacher's assessment no relationship with breast feeding was found). Further research is needed in both areas. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.