Molecular biology in the context of British, French, and American cultures
Molecular biology in the context of British, French, and American cultures
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DOI：
10.1111/1468-2451.00309
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abir-Am, PG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abir-Am, PG
本文探讨了分子生物学这一新的跨学科领域在英国、美国和法国这三个做出最大贡献的国家的文化背景。它探讨了这些民族文化中可能有助于解释其作为分子生物学摇篮的突出地位的三个方面：(1)政治文化，特别是科学政策，作为最直接影响科学知识生产的领域；(2)智力文化，特别是科学家在国家“公共知识分子”传统中的作用；(3)制度文化，即主要实验室和研究机构普遍存在的社会和物质文化。文章还考察了由于国际合作和国际机构的兴起，这三个民族传统在20世纪60年代的融合。有人认为，随着分子生物学日益面临新的文化背景--跨国全球化和多元文化的挑战，这一趋势将在21世纪继续下去。
This article explores the cultural context of the new transdisciplinary field of molecular biology in the three countries that did the most to establish it - Great Britain, the United States, and France. It inquires into three aspects of each of these national cultures that may help explain its prominence as a cradle of molecular biology: (1) Political culture, especially science policy, as an area that impinges most directly on the production of scientific knowledge; (2) Intellectual culture, especially the role of scientists in the national tradition of "public intellectuals"; (3) Institutional culture, or the social and material cultures prevailing in major laboratories and research institutes. The article also examines the convergence of these three national traditions in the 1960s, due to the rise of international collaborations and international institutions. It is suggested that this trend will continue in the twenty-first century, as molecular biology increasingly faces the challenge of a new cultural context - transnational globalisation and multiculturalism.