Development of soil organic matter stocks under different farm types and tillage systems in the Organic Arable Farming Experiment Gladbacherhof
Development of soil organic matter stocks under different farm types and tillage systems in the Organic Arable Farming Experiment Gladbacherhof
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Gladbacherhof 有机耕作实验中不同农场类型和耕作系统下土壤有机质储量的发展
DOI：
10.1080/03650340.2013.794935
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
G. Leithold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Schulz;C. Brock;H. Schmidt;K. Franz;G. Leithold
1998年，Gladbacherhof有机耕作试验（OAFEG）启动，目的是探索不同有机耕作生产制度（混合耕作、无畜养轮作、无畜养经济作物耕作）和不同耕作强度（常规犁作为全翻转耕作、双层犁、减深翻转耕作、不翻转耕作）对可持续性参数的影响。在本文中，我们介绍了土壤有机质（SOM）水平的发展结果。在试验开始前，以每公顷牛约0.7个家畜单位（LU）的有机混合耕作开始，只有试验中的混合耕作系统能够维持SOM水平。土壤有机碳（SOC）保持较好，但总氮（STN）损失较大；经济作物体系土壤有机质损失较大，为7.7 t SOM ha - 1，约占初始土壤有机质质量的8.4%。减少耕作强度对土壤有机质质量没有影响，但对土壤有机质分层有影响。我们的结论是，有机农场向无畜可耕地作物生产的专业化需要特别注意SOM的繁殖，以避免有害影响。此外，减少耕作强度并不一定对土壤有机质有积极影响。
In 1998, the Organic Arable Farming Experiment Gladbacherhof (OAFEG) was started in order to explore the impact of different organic arable production systems (mixed farming, stockless farming with rotational ley, stockless cash crop farming) and of different tillage intensities (conventional plough as a full inversion tillage, two-layer plough, inversion tillage at reduced depth, non-inversion tillage) on sustainability parameters. In this article, we present results on the development of soil organic matter (SOM) levels. Starting with organic mixed farming with approximately 0.7 livestock units (LU) per ha cattle before set-up of the experiment, only the mixed farming system in the experiment was able to maintain SOM levels. The stockless system with ley maintained soil organic carbon (SOC), but lost soil total nitrogen (STN), and the stockless cash crop system had a significant SOM loss in the magnitude of 7.7 t SOM ha−1, or roughly 8.4% of the initial SOM mass. Reducing tillage intensity had no impact on SOM masses, but only on organic matter stratification in soils. We conclude that specialization of organic farms towards stockless arable crop production requires special attention on SOM reproduction to avoid detrimental effects. Further, reduced tillage intensity does not necessarily have a positive effect on SOM.