Pollen degeneration in three functional male-sterile lines of eggplant with the wild Solanum cytoplasms
Pollen degeneration in three functional male-sterile lines of eggplant with the wild Solanum cytoplasms
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DOI：
10.1007/s13580-015-0015-3
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Md. Mizanur Rahim Khan;Mst. Hasnunnahar;Masaki Iwayoshi;Y. Ogura‐Tsujita;S. Isshiki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Md. Mizanur Rahim Khan;Mst. Hasnunnahar;Masaki Iwayoshi;Y. Ogura‐Tsujita;S. Isshiki
通过对3个功能性茄子细胞质雄性不育系的花粉发育过程的研究，明确了花粉退化的阶段，并探讨了影响花粉育性的因素。利用野生茄属植物S. kurzii Brace & Prain，S. violaceumOrt.，和S. VirginipendUL..花药在1%乙酰胭脂红中挤压，以评估花粉染色能力和不同发育阶段的花粉退化。四分体减数分裂后释放出单细胞小孢子。不育系花粉退化发生在单细胞小孢子期（29.3-36.3%）、双细胞花粉早期（5.5-12.2%）和双细胞花粉晚期（9.3-10.2%）。而茄子在单细胞小孢子期花粉退化率仅为3.8%，其它时期花粉退化率可忽略不计。在染色的花粉中，与茄子相比，在CMS系中发现异常染色（部分和微弱）的花粉显著更高。不育系花粉染色好的比例为23.2-31.9%，显著低于茄子。除S型不育系外，其余不育系的花粉粒数与茄子无显著差异。virginipudtycystem.不育系花粉离体萌发率显著低于茄子。不育系花粉成熟过程中淀粉积累和水解不完全。花粉在不同时期的退化、花粉染色异常、淀粉积累不完全和水解不完全是导致3个茄子不育系花粉育性低下的主要原因。
Pollen developing process was studied to identify the stages of pollen degeneration and to elucidate the factors controlling low pollen fertility in three functional cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) lines of eggplant ‘Uttara’. The CMS lines of eggplant were developed by repeated backcrossing using the cytoplasms of wildSolanumspeciesS. kurziiBrace & Prain,S. violaceumOrt., andS. virginianumL.. Anthers were squashed in 1% aceto-carmine to assess pollen staining ability and pollen degeneration at different stages of development. Unicellular microspores were released from tetrads after normal meiotic division. Pollen degeneration occurred at different stages of pollen development in CMS lines such as at unicellular microspore (29.3–36.3%), early bicellular pollen (5.5–12.2%), and late bicellular pollen (9.3–10.2%) stages. On the other hand, in eggplant, only 3.8% pollen was degenerated at unicellular microspore stage and there was negligible pollen degeneration at other stages. Among the stained pollen, abnormally stained (partly and faintly) pollen were found significantly higher in the CMS lines as compared to eggplant. Well stained pollen was varied from 23.2–31.9% in the CMS lines which was significantly lower than that of eggplant. Number of pollens per anther of CMS lines did not vary significantly from eggplant, except the CMS line withS. virginianumcytoplasm. In vitro pollen germination rate in the CMS lines was found to be significantly lower than that of eggplant. Starch accumulation and hydrolysis during pollen maturation were found incomplete in the CMS lines. Degeneration of pollen in different stages, abnormally stained pollen, incomplete starch accumulation and hydrolysis were most likely causes for low pollen fertility in these three CMS lines of eggplant.