How smart do smart meters need to be?
How smart do smart meters need to be?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.09.008
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发表时间：
2017-11-15
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Coley, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mogles, Nataliya;Walker, Ian;Coley, David
世界各国政府都在投资智能计量设备，向用户报告能源使用情况，以减少消耗。然而，这种家用显示器 (IHD) 的有效性受到质疑，因为节省的费用很少。这可能是因为以千瓦时或货币单位告知消费者其消耗量，未能提供背景信息，或告知可能采取的减少消耗的行动。我们调查，为。第一次，用专门设计的一系列详细信息取代 IHD 提供的简单的能源使用说明，以提高消费者的能源素养，并通过针对一系列背景心理价值系统设置的个性化可操作信息来建议行为改变，并且可以识别潜在的挥霍行为。精心控制的现场实验结果表明：1）价值框架和行动提示对居住者的行为有显着影响，房屋平均温度从 22.4 摄氏度降低到 21.7 摄氏度，燃气消耗量总体显着减少 -22.0%，高耗气量的燃气消耗量显着减少 27.2%； 2) 能源素养从 0.52 提高到 1.28（0-4 级）； 3) 可以针对潜在的挥霍家庭，而无需向其他人发送不当信息； 4) 参与度高，82% 的参与者认为该系统有用。这些结果强调了在鼓励节能行为时提高能源素养的必要性，并指出新一代智能电表具有提高能源素养、节省更多能源并影响气候变化政策的潜力。 (C) 2017 年作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版
Governments across the world are investing in smart metering devices that report energy use to the user with the aim of reducing consumption. However, the effectiveness of such In-Home Displays (IHDs) has been questioned, since savings are small. This is possibly because informing the consumer of their consumption in kWh, or monetary units, fails to give context, or inform of possible actions to reduce consumption. We investigate, for. the first time, the effect of replacing the simple statement of energy use an IHD gives, with a detailed array of information specifically designed to improve consumer energy literacy and suggest behaviour change through personalised actionable messages set against a series of psychological value systems for context, and which can identify potential profligacy. The results from a carefully controlled field experiment show: 1) value framing and action prompts have a significant effect on occupants' behaviour, with the mean temperature of homes being reduced from 22.4 degrees C to 21.7 degrees C, and a marked reduction in gas consumption -22.0% overall and 27.2% in high consumers; 2) energy literacy increasing from 0.52 to 1.28 (on a 0-4 scale); 3) it is possible to target potentially profligate households, without inappropriately messaging others; 4) engagement is high, with 82% of the participants finding the system useful. These results emphasize the necessity, of improving energy literacy when encouraging energy efficient behaviours and point to a new generation of smart meters with the potential to increase energy literacy, make much greater savings and impact climate change policy. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.