Shake table testing and numerical simulation of a utility-scale wind turbine including operational effects
Shake table testing and numerical simulation of a utility-scale wind turbine including operational effects
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DOI：
10.1002/we.1615
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
I. Prowell;A. Elgamal;C. Uang;J. Luco;H. Romanowitz;E. Duggan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Prowell;A. Elgamal;C. Uang;J. Luco;H. Romanowitz;E. Duggan
振动台试验在实际风力涡轮机（65 kW额定功率，22.6 m轮毂高度和16 m转子直径）上进行，使用加州大学圣地亚哥分校的地震工程模拟网络大型高性能室外振动台。每个基座振动事件在两种状态下发生，即涡轮机转子静止（停放）和旋转（运行）。每种状态都在两个方向的振动方向进行测试，一个方向平行（前后），另一个方向垂直（左右）转子的旋转轴。结构响应特性的运动在两种配置和两种操作状态。模态参数（固有频率，阻尼比和振型）估计整个测试程序。研究发现，在旋转时，前后方向的振动是唯一观察到的操作效果明显的情况，塔基附近的地震弯矩需求减少了33%。使用由研究小组开发的FAST代码的修改，实验结果与相应的模拟进行比较，以显示塔弯曲地震需求的动态特性，加速度时程和趋势可以数值近似。该实验证据和相关数值模拟表明，使用现有涡轮机特定规范对风和地震荷载组合进行建模可产生有意义的结果。实验和数值结果之间的差异支持进一步细化的模拟代码可以提高精度超过目前的状态。版权所有© 2013约翰威利父子有限公司.
Shake table tests were undertaken on an actual wind turbine (65 kW rated power, 22.6 m hub height and a 16 m rotor diameter) using the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Large High Performance Outdoor Shake Table at the University of California, San Diego. Each base shaking event was imparted in two states, whereas the turbine rotor was still (parked), and while it was spinning (operational). Each state was tested in two orientations of shaking direction, one parallel (fore-aft) and another perpendicular (side-to-side) to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Structural response characteristics are presented for motions imparted in both configurations and both operational states. Modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes) were estimated throughout the testing program. It is found that shaking imparted in the fore-aft direction while spinning is the only observed situation where operational effects appear significant, with reductions up to 33% in seismic bending moment demand near the tower base. Using modifications developed by the research team to the FAST code, experimental results are compared with corresponding simulations to show that dynamic characteristics, acceleration time histories and trends in tower bending seismic demand can be numerically approximated. This experimental evidence and associated numerical simulations suggest that modeling of combined wind and earthquake loading with existing turbine specific codes produce meaningful results. Discrepancies between experimental and numerical results support that further refinement of simulation codes can improve accuracy beyond the current state. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.