Hydratases involved in nitrile conversion: screening, characterization and application.
Hydratases involved in nitrile conversion: screening, characterization and application.
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参与腈转化的水合酶：筛选、表征和应用。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Kobayashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Yamada;S. Shimizu;M. Kobayashi
具有更高活性和特异性的新酶的发现为合成过程开辟了新的、简单的路线，从而开辟了解决环境问题的新方法。在过去的几年里，已经筛选了一些与丁腈相关的酶，用于开发合成应用。微生物腈水合酶(NHase)能在温和的条件下将腈转化为相应的高值酰胺，在有机化工过程中具有很大的催化潜力，目前已应用于丙烯酰胺和烟酰胺的工业生产。特别是，前一次生产是第一个成功的用于生产商品化学品的生物转化过程的例子。酶在分子水平上的表征为了解分子结构如何决定酶的功能，以及调控系统如何控制酶基因的表达以改善酶和NHase依赖的过程提供了新的见解。
The discovery of new enzymes with greater activity and specificity opens new, simple routes for synthetic processes, and consequently, new methods to solve environmental problems. A number of nitrile-related enzymes have been screened over the past few years for use in developing synthetic applications. Microbial nitrile hydratase (NHase) has great potential as a catalyst in organic chemical processing because the enzyme can convert nitriles to the corresponding higher value amides under mild conditions, and has now been applied to the industrial productions of acrylamide and nicotinamide. Particularly, the former production is the first successful example of a bioconversion process for the manufacture of a commodity chemical. The characterization of the enzyme at the molecular level has provided new insights into how the molecular structure determines the enzyme function, and how the regulatory system controls the expression of the enzyme genes to improve the enzyme and the NHase-dependent process.