Toward a More Realistic, Cost-Effective, and Greener Ground Movement Through Active Routing-Part I: Optimal Speed Profile Generation
Toward a More Realistic, Cost-Effective, and Greener Ground Movement Through Active Routing-Part I: Optimal Speed Profile Generation
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DOI：
10.1109/tits.2015.2477350
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Shabani, Masihalah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Jun;Weiszer, Michal;Shabani, Masihalah
在所有机场业务中，飞机地面移动在提高机场整体容量方面发挥着关键作用，因为它连接其他机场业务。此外，不断增加的空中交通量、不断上升的成本和更严格的环境目标给减少地面燃料消耗带来了压力。然而，在先进的地面移动，制导和控制系统中设想的当前路由功能几乎只考虑最具时间效率的解决方案，并应用保守的分离来确保无冲突的地面移动，有时具有额外的缓冲时间来吸收滑行时间的小偏差。这种过度约束的路由方法可能导致某些飞机的规划过于紧凑，从而由于多个加速阶段而损害燃料效率，或者可以通过减少间隔和缓冲时间来进一步改善性能。鉴于此，本文的第一部分和第二部分提出了一个新的主动路由（AR）框架，旨在提供一个更现实，更具成本效益和环境友好的表面运动，针对一些最繁忙的国际枢纽机场。本文第一部分的重点是使用基于物理的飞机运动模型的最佳速度剖面生成。两种方法的基础上，分别为基础的飞机数据和国际民用航空组织的发动机排放数据库已被用来模拟燃料消耗。这些模型，然后嵌入在一个多目标优化框架，捕捉不同的速度配置文件的帕累托最优意义上的本质。所提出的方法是首次尝试系统地解决速度曲线与竞争的目标。结果显示，燃料燃烧和滑行时间之间的权衡是明显的，无论燃料消耗建模方法。这将对路由和调度产生深远的影响，并为本文第二部分中讨论的AR新概念打开大门。
Among all airport operations, aircraft ground movement plays a key role in improving overall airport capacity as it links other airport operations. Moreover, ever-increasing air traffic, rising costs, and tighter environmental targets create pressure to minimize fuel burn on the ground. However, current routing functions envisioned in Advanced Surface Movement, Guidance and Control Systems almost exclusively consider the most time-efficient solution and apply a conservative separation to ensure conflict-free surface movement, sometimes with additional buffer times to absorb small deviations from the taxi times. Such an overly constrained routing approach may result in either a too tight planning for some aircraft so that fuel efficiency is compromised due to multiple acceleration phases, or performance could be further improved by reducing the separation and buffer times. In light of this, Parts I and II of this paper present a new Active Routing (AR) framework with the aim of providing a more realistic, cost-effective, and environmental friendly surface movement, targeting some of the busiest international hub airports. Part I of this paper focuses on optimal speed profile generation using a physics-based aircraft movement model. Two approaches based, respectively, on the Base of Aircraft Data and the International Civil Aviation Organization engine emissions database have been employed to model fuel consumption. These models are then embedded within a multiobjective optimization framework to capture the essence of different speed profiles in a Pareto optimal sense. The proposed approach represents the first attempt to systematically address speed profiles with competing objectives. Results reveal an apparent tradeoff between fuel burn and taxi times irrespective of fuel consumption modeling approaches. This will have a profound impact on the routing and scheduling and open the door for the new concept of AR discussed in Part II of this paper.