Influences of watershed urbanization and instream habitat on macroinvertebrates in cold water streams
Influences of watershed urbanization and instream habitat on macroinvertebrates in cold water streams
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2003.tb03701.x
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kanehl, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, LH;Kanehl, P
我们分析了威斯康星州和明尼苏达州不同流域城市化水平的39条小冷水河流的冲刷和圈套栖息地数据，以评估城市土地利用和河流栖息地对大型无脊椎动物群落的影响。多变量分析表明，流域内河流温度和城市土地使用量是影响大型无脊椎动物群落组成的最主要因素。流域城市化程度与EPT丰度百分比、EPT类群、滤器和刮板数量呈非线性负相关，与Hilsenhoff生物指数呈正相关。如果有效不透水性小于流域面积的7%，则有可能获得高质量的大型无脊椎动物指标值。除了这一级别的不透气性之外，指标值往往一直很差。河岸地区的土地利用与流域其他地区的土地利用相同或更有影响，尽管河岸地区只占整个流域面积的一小部分。我们的研究表明，在城市化水平较低的流域，限制流域不透水土地利用和保护溪流河岸区域对于减少人类活动对河流水质的退化至关重要。溪流温度可能是人类活动使冷水溪流退化的主要因素之一，能够维持自然热状况的管理努力将有助于保持溪流质量。
We analyzed data from riffle and snag habitats for 39 small cold water streams with different levels of watershed urbanization in Wisconsin and Minnesota to evaluate the influences of urban land use and instream habitat on macroinvertebrate communities. Multivariate analysis indicated that stream temperature and amount of urban land use in the watersheds were the most influential factors determining macroinvertebrate assemblages. The amount of watershed urbanization was nonlinearly and negatively correlated with percentages of Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT) abundance, EPT taxa, filterers, and scrapers and positively correlated with Hilsenhoff biotic index. High quality macroinvertebrate index values were possible if effective imperviousness was less than 7 percent of the watershed area. Beyond this level of imperviousness, index values tended to be consistently poor. Land uses in the riparian area were equal or more influential relative to land use elsewhere in the watershed, although riparian area consisted of only a small portion of the entire watershed area. Our study implies that it is extremely important to restrict watershed impervious land use and protect stream riparian areas for reducing human degradation on stream quality in low level urbanizing watersheds. Stream temperature may be one of the major factors through which human activities degrade cold-water streams, and management efforts that can maintain a natural thermal regime will help preserve stream quality.