Sex Differences in Parameters of Bone Strength in New Recruits: Beyond Bone Density
Sex Differences in Parameters of Bone Strength in New Recruits: Beyond Bone Density
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3181893cb7
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Moran, Daniel S.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Evans, Rachel K.;Negus, Charles;Moran, Daniel S.
埃文斯河K. C. NEGUS，A.安奇扎克河扬诺维奇Israeli和D. S.莫兰新兵骨强度参数的性别差异：骨密度之外。医学科学体育锻炼：Vol. 40，No. I I S，pp. S645-S653 2008。背景：新兵应力性骨折（SF）损伤长期以来被认为是低骨密度（BMD）所致。然而，使用二维双能X线骨密度仪成像评估的低面积BMD反映了结构密度，并受到较小的骨几何学测量的影响。最近的研究支持骨大小和SF之间的关系，并表明在相同的载荷条件下，细长骨更容易受损。外周定量计算机断层扫描（pQCT）是一种三维成像工具，可测量胫骨（SF的常见部位）的组织密度和几何参数。目的：使用新型pQCT图像分析程序评估新兵胫骨体积BMD（vBMD）、几何形状和强度参数的性别差异。研究方法：pQCT图像来自128名健康男性和女性（20名男性，108名女性，年龄18-21岁），他们参加了以色列国防军为期4个月的性别整合战斗训练计划。使用MATLAB分析远端终板4%（松质骨）、38%和66%（皮质骨）部位的胫骨扫描，以评估全骨和局部参数。测量包括vBMD、几何形状（直径、面积、皮质厚度和椎管半径）和强度（惯性矩、骨强度和细长指数）。结果：除标准化椎管半径在性别间无差异外，男性的所有骨几何形状（P < 0.0001）和强度（P <0.0001至P = 0.07）测量值均大于男性。女性皮质vBMD比男性高2.7%~ 3.0%，而女性骨小梁vBMD比男性低8.4%（P < 0.001）。这些差异在调整体型后仍然显着。结论：性别差异的骨几何形状和矿化的胫骨可能有助于降低能力，以承受新的，重复性的运动所施加的要求，在未经训练的个人进入新兵训练。
EVANS, R. K. C. NEGUS, A. J. ANTCZAK, R. YANOVICH, E. ISRAELI, and D. S. MORAN. Sex Differences in Parameters of Bone Strength in New Recruits: Beyond Bone Density. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 40, No. I I S, pp. S645-S653 2008. Background: Stress fracture (SF) injuries in new recruits have long been attributed to low bone mineral density (BMD). Low areal BMD assessed using two-dimensional dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry imaging, however, reflects structural density and is affected by smaller measures of bone geometry. Recent studies support a relationship between bone size and SF and indicate that slender bones are more susceptible to damage under identical loading conditions. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) is a three-dimensional imaging tool that provides measures of tissue density and geometry parameters of the tibia, a common site of SF. Purpose: To evaluate sex differences in parameters of volumetric BMD (vBMD), geometry, and strength of the tibia in new recruits using a novel pQCT image analysis procedure. Methods: pQCT images were obtained from 128 healthy men and women (20 male, 108 female, aged 18-21 yr) entering a 4-month gender-integrated combat training program in the Israeli Defense Forces. Tibial scans taken at sites 4% (trabecular bone), 38%, and 66% (cortical bone) from the distal end plate were analyzed using MATLAB to assess whole-bone and regional parameters. Measures included vBMD, geometry (diameter, area, cortical thickness, and canal radius), and strength (moments of inertia and bone strength and slenderness indices), Results: With the exception of normalized canal radius, which did not differ between sexes, all measures of bone geometry (P < 0.0001) and strength (P < 0,000 1 to P = 0.07) were greater in men. Women exhibited 2.7% to 3.0% greater cortical vBMD than men, whereas trabecular vBMD was 8.4% lower in women (P < 0.001). These differences remained significant after adjusting for body size. Conclusion: Sex differences in bone geometry and mineralization of the tibia may contribute to a decreased ability to withstand the demands imposed by novel, repetitive exercise in untrained individuals entering recruit training.