Autonomy, eating disorders and elite gymnastics: ethical and conceptual issues
Autonomy, eating disorders and elite gymnastics: ethical and conceptual issues
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DOI：
10.1080/13573322.2015.1107829
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tan, Jacinta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bloodworth, Andrew;McNamee, Mike;Tan, Jacinta
参加精英运动，特别是那些对体重和形状有特殊要求的运动，与神经性厌食症等饮食失调的高风险相关[Sundgot-Borgen， J., & Torstveit， M.K.(2010)]。精英高强度运动中饮食失调的连续方面。[j].体育科学与医学杂志，2000,12(1):1 - 2。我们报告了在精英体操中探索饮食态度和行为的研究。本研究共对42名体操运动员和辅助人员进行了半结构化访谈，其中34名体操运动员和9名工作人员/辅助人员。大部分受访者为杂技体操运动员（22人，男16人，女6人）、艺术体操运动员7人（全女）及翻斗运动员5人（全女）。受访体操运动员的平均年龄为17.4岁。人们注意到，很难准确地将极端饮食模式（饮食失调）与饮食失调区分开来。在精英运动环境中，在更普遍的环境中被认为是病态的行为可能相当普遍，甚至对运动员的表现起作用。考虑到运动员的年龄和发展，他们对这些行为模式的认同程度是有问题的。我们认为，将同意概念化为“由值得信赖的教练照顾的权威”，更贴切地适用于儿童/青少年精英体育环境，这不仅有助于我们理解精英体操运动员的关注点，还有助于我们理解他们与教练的关系以及教练的责任。
Participation in elite sport, and in particular those sports with special demands in terms of weight and shape, is associated with a higher risk for eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa [Sundgot-Borgen, J., & Torstveit, M.K. (2010). Aspects of disordered eating continuum in elite high intensity sports. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 20, 112-121]. We report upon research exploring eating attitudes and behaviours within elite gymnastics. The study comprised 42 semi-structured interviews with gymnasts and support staff-34 gymnasts and 9 staff/support staff. The majority of those interviewed were acrobatic gymnasts (22; 16 males and 6 females) with 7 rhythmic gymnasts (all female) and 5 tumblers (all female). The mean age of those gymnasts interviewed was 17.4. A difficulty in precisely delineating extreme eating patterns (disordered eating) from having an eating disorder was noted. Within an elite sports context behaviours thought to be pathological in a more general setting might be fairly commonplace and even functional to the athlete's performance. The extent to which the athlete consents to these patterns of behaviour is problematic given their age and development. We argue that conceptualising consent as 'authority to be cared for by a trustworthy coach', more felicitously applies to the child/adolescent elite sporting context, helping us understand not only the focus of the elite gymnast, but also their relationship with the coach and the coaches' responsibilities.