Physical activity improves strength, balance and endurance in adults aged 40-65 years: a systematic review
Physical activity improves strength, balance and endurance in adults aged 40-65 years: a systematic review
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DOI：
10.1016/s1836-9553(12)70105-4
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Vardon, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferreira, Manuela L.;Sherrington, Catherine;Vardon, Paul
问：40-65岁成年人的体力活动可以增强力量和平衡能力并预防跌倒吗？设计：对随机临床试验进行系统评价和荟萃分析。参与者：40-65岁的健康成年人。干预：涉及在社区环境和工作场所进行任何身体活动的计划。结果测量：力量、平衡、耐力和跌倒率。结果：确定了 23 项符合条件的试验，其中 17 项汇总在荟萃分析中。力量结果的荟萃分析发现体力活动对力量有中等影响（SMD = 0.54，95% CI 0.38 至 0.70）。与不针对力量的项目（SMD = 0.32，95% CI 0.09 至 0.55）相比，专门针对强度的项目（SMD = 0.68，95% CI 0.49 至 0.87）观察到了更大的效果。这种差异具有统计显着性（元回归 rho 中强度的影响 = 0.045）。体力活动对平衡性（SMD = 0.52，95% CI 0.24 至 0.79）和耐力（SMD = 0.73，95% CI 0.50 至 0.96）也有中等影响。没有试验报告在接受干预后不久身体活动对跌倒的影响。一项试验发现，接受体力活动干预 15 年后，跌倒对跌倒的影响无统计学意义（RR = 0.82，95% CI 0.53 至 1.26）。结论：本综述发现 40-65 岁人群的肌肉力量、平衡性和耐力可以通过体育活动得到改善。使用阻力训练的计划对肌肉力量有更大的影响，这表明如果目标是增强力量，则需要包括阻力训练部分。 [Ferreira ML、Sherrington C、Smith K、Carswell P、Bell R、Bell M、Nascimento DP、Maximo Pereira LS、Vardon P (2012) 身体活动可提高 40-65 岁成年人的力量、平衡和耐力：系统评价。物理治疗杂志 58：145-156]
Question: Can physical activity in adults aged 40-65 years enhance strength and balance and prevent falls? Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Participants: Healthy adults aged 40-65 years. Intervention: Programs that involved the performance of any physical activity in community settings and workplaces. Outcome measures: Strength, balance, endurance, and falls rate. Results: Twenty-three eligible trials were identified and 17 of these were pooled in the meta-analyses. The meta-analysis of strength outcomes found a moderate effect of physical activity on strength (SMD = 0.54, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.70). Larger effects were observed from programs that specifically targeted strength (SMD = 0.68, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.87), when compared to those that did not (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.55). This difference was statistically significant (effect of strength in meta-regression rho = 0.045). Physical activity also had a moderate effect on both balance (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.79) and endurance (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.96). No trials reported effects of physical activity on falls soon after receiving the intervention. A statistically non-significant effect on falls 15 years after receiving a physical activity intervention was found in one trial (RR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.26). Conclusions: This review found that muscle strength, balance, and endurance can be improved by physical activity in people aged 40-65 years. There were bigger effects on muscle strength from programs that used resistance exercises, indicating the need to include a resistance training component if strength enhancement is the goal. [Ferreira ML, Sherrington C, Smith K, Carswell P, Bell R, Bell M, Nascimento DP, Maximo Pereira LS, Vardon P (2012) Physical activity improves strength, balance and endurance in adults aged 40-65 years: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy 58: 145-156]