Unpacking Emotion Differentiation: Transforming Unpleasant Experience by Perceiving Distinctions in Negativity
Unpacking Emotion Differentiation: Transforming Unpleasant Experience by Perceiving Distinctions in Negativity
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DOI：
10.1177/0963721414550708
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
McKnight, Patrick E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kashdan, Todd B.;Barrett, Lisa Feldman;McKnight, Patrick E.
能够仔细地感知和区分情感体验的丰富复杂性是心理干预的关键组成部分。我们回顾了临床、社会和健康心理学方面的研究，这些研究提供了将情感用高度复杂的语言表达出来的适应性价值（即情感分化或情感粒度）。根据最近的研究，在经历强烈的痛苦时，经历更细粒度情绪的个体不太可能采取适应不良的自我调节策略，如酗酒、攻击和自残行为；对拒绝表现出较少的神经反应；经历较少严重的焦虑和抑郁障碍。这些发现揭示了人们的情绪分化技能是如何改变负面情绪和压力体验的。除了基础研究表明情绪分化是一个重要的发展过程外，有证据表明，旨在改善情绪分化的干预措施既可以减少心理问题，又可以增加各种幸福感。
Being able to carefully perceive and distinguish the rich complexity in emotional experiences is a key component of psychological interventions. We review research in clinical, social, and health psychology that offers insights into the adaptive value of putting feelings into words with a high degree of complexity (i.e., emotion differentiation or emotional granularity). According to recent research, upon experiencing intense distress, individuals who experience their emotions with more granularity are less likely to resort to maladaptive self-regulatory strategies such as binge drinking, aggression, and self-injurious behavior; show less neural reactivity to rejection; and experience less severe anxiety and depressive disorders. These findings shed light on how negative emotions and stressful experiences can be transformed by people's emotion-differentiation skill. Besides basic research suggesting that emotion differentiation is an important developmental process, evidence suggests that interventions designed to improve emotion differentiation can both reduce psychological problems and increase various strands of well-being.