The Ideology of Climate Change Denial in the United States
The Ideology of Climate Change Denial in the United States
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DOI：
10.4000/ejas.10305
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
0.1
通讯作者：
Collomb, Jean-Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Collomb, Jean-Daniel
二十年来，美国一直在共同努力抹黑关于人为全球变暖的科学共识，而且没有任何减弱的迹象。它经常被描述为美国企业界（尤其是化石燃料行业）试图阻止政府对其活动进行监管。在强调美国气候否认运动这一层面的同时，本文还旨在通过阐明有助于阻止强有力的气候行动的另外两个因素，来展示该运动的复杂性，而不仅仅是捍卫石油和天然气行业狭隘的短期经济利益。首先，否认气候变化源于小政府保守派和自由主义者对自由放任的强烈意识形态承诺以及对监管的强烈反对。其次，为了解除对手的武装，美国气候变化否认者常常把自己的论点放在捍卫美国的生活方式上，这种生活方式的特点是高消费和不断扩大的物质繁荣。因此，本文的论点是，美国否认气候变化运动最好理解为这三种趋势的结合。
The concerted effort to discredit the scientific consensus over man-made global warming has been continuing for two decades in the United States, and shows no sign of weakening. It is very often described as an attempt on the part of corporate America, most notably the fossil fuel industries, to hinder governmental regulations on their activities. While emphasising this dimension of the US climate denial movement, this article also aims to show the complexity of the movement, rather than the mere defence of the narrowly-defined and short-term economic interests of the oil and gas industries, by shedding light on two additional factors which have been instrumental in blocking strong climate action. First, climate denial stems from the strong ideological commitment of small-government conservatives and libertarians to laisser-faire and their strong opposition to regulation. Second, in order to disarm their opponents, US climate deniers often rest their case on the defence of the American way of life, defined by high consumption and ever-expanding material prosperity. It is the contention of this article, therefore, that the US climate denial movement is best understood as a combination of these three trends.