Smooth muscle energetics.
Smooth muscle energetics.
复制标题
平滑肌能量学。
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.ph.51.030189.001555
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
18.2
通讯作者：
Paul,RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paul,RJ
肌肉能量学现在涵盖了几个相关的领域。从历史上看，能量学的方法主要是现象学的，主要涉及量化肌肉热产生和机械输出，以确定性能特征。因此，它在很大程度上建立在热力学的基础上，独立于任何特定的模型，并且重要的是设定了任何肌肉收缩理论必须遵守的限制。随着快速冷冻和NADH连接的荧光技术等直接评估收缩过程中A-TP分解的技术的发展，近年来重点已经转移到可以称为原位切除Osin-ATPase的动力学上。重点是机械约束如何影响这一反应，最终目标是了解交叉桥水平上的机械力化学转导事件。在这些研究的同时，肌肉能量学现在包括新陈代谢，特别是能量代谢，其重点是新陈代谢和收缩能力协调的机制。优秀的和全面的肌肉能量学评论详细介绍了骨骼肌的这些方面(47，97)。对于平滑肌肉来说，能量利用和供应的耦合是非常必要的(见下文)；因此，这两个领域紧密交织在一起，是本章的重点。在过去的几年中(8，68，75)，对平滑肌的新陈代谢和能量学进行了全面的综述。因此，我只会简要总结一下什么是被广泛接受的，强调什么是有争议的。
Muscle energetics now emcompasses several related areas. Historically, the approach of energetics was largely phenomenological and primarily involved quantitation of muscle heat production and mechanical output in order to define performance characteristics. Based heavily on thermodynamics, it was thus independent of any particular model, and importantly set limits to which any theory of muscle contraction must conform. With the development of techniques for the direct assessment of A TP breakdown during contraction, such as rapid freezing and NADH-linked fluorescent techniques, the emphasis has shifted in recent years to what may be termed the kinetics of the actomy osin ATPase in situ. The focus is on how mechanical constraints affect this reaction, with the ultimate goal of understanding the mechanochemical transduction events at the crossbridge level. In parallel with these studies, muscle energetics now encompasses metabolism, particularly energy metabo lism, which focuses on the mechanisms underlying the coordination of metabolism and contractility. Excellent and comprehensive reviews of muscle energetics detailing these aspects for skeletal muscle are available (47, 97). For smooth muscle, the coupling of energy utilization and supply is of necessity (see below) very close; thus, these two areas are closely intertwined and are the focus for this chapter. The metabolism and energetics of smooth muscle have been comprehensively reviewed in the past several years (8, 68, 75). I will thus only briefly summarize what is widely accepted, emphasizing what is controversial.