A new classification system for describing concurrent use of nicotine vaping products alongside cigarettes (so-called 'dual use'): findings from the ITC-4 Country Smoking and Vaping wave 1 Survey
A new classification system for describing concurrent use of nicotine vaping products alongside cigarettes (so-called 'dual use'): findings from the ITC-4 Country Smoking and Vaping wave 1 Survey
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DOI：
10.1111/add.14570
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Cummings, K. Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Borland, Ron;Murray, Krista;Cummings, K. Michael
目的确定吸烟水平和吸电子烟水平的简单组合是否会产生一个有用的类型学来表征吸烟和吸电子烟行为。方法采用2016年美国（n = 2291）、英国（n = 3591）、澳大利亚（n = 1376）和加拿大（n = 2784）第1波ITC吸烟和电子烟调查中成年人（>= 18岁）的横断面数据。吸烟、吸电子烟或至少每月同时使用这两种产品的参与者被纳入研究，并根据每种产品的使用频率（每天、非每天、目前不使用）分为八组。这导致了四个同时使用人群（主要吸烟者，双重每日使用者，主要吸烟者和同时非每日使用者）。在社会人口统计学、尼古丁依赖、对两种产品的信念和态度以及使用加权数据参考每个国家人口调查的戒烟相关措施方面，对这些群体进行了相互比较，并与四个独家使用群体进行了比较。在样本中，10.8%的人同时使用电子烟，每天吸烟者吸食非每天吸烟者（主要吸烟者），占该组的51.6%。这八个类别至少在某些方面与其他类别有所不同。每日同时使用尼古丁的人报告了更高水平的尼古丁依赖指标，并且与非每日同时使用尼古丁的人相比，他们对吸烟和电子烟的态度普遍更积极。在每日尼古丁使用者中，与每日吸烟者相比，在所有同时使用尼古丁的人群中，有兴趣戒烟的报告更高。总的来说，每天吸两支烟的人对吸烟的态度是最积极的，他们认为吸烟是最不不正常的，与此同时，他们对戒烟的兴趣和其他同时吸两支烟的人一样，而且最有可能报告说他们打算继续吸电子烟。2016年在澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国，每日尼古丁使用者与非每日尼古丁使用者存在显著差异。在日常尼古丁使用者中，在研究吸烟和电子烟之间的关系时，应将每日双重使用者（同时吸烟和电子烟的人）视为一个独特的群体。在研究这两种产品时，应考虑到同时和独家使用吸烟和电子烟的8级类型学。
Aims To determine whether a simple combination of level of smoking and level of vaping results in a useful typology for characterizing smoking and vaping behaviours. Methods Cross-sectional data from adults (>= 18 years) in the 2016 wave 1 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey in the United States (n = 2291), England (n = 3591), Australia (n = 1376) and Canada (n = 2784) were used. Participants who either smoked, vaped or concurrently used both at least monthly were included and divided into eight groups based on use frequency of each product (daily, non-daily, no current use). This resulted in four concurrent use groups (predominant smokers, dual daily users, predominant vapers and concurrent non-daily users). These groups were compared with each other and with the four exclusive use groups, on socio-demographics, nicotine dependence, beliefs and attitudes about both products, and quit-related measures using data weighted to reference population surveys in each country. Results Of the sample, 10.8% were concurrent users, with daily smokers vaping non-daily (predominant smokers), constituting 51.6% of this group. All eight categories differed from other categories on at least some measures. Concurrent daily nicotine users reported higher levels of indicators of nicotine dependence, and generally more positive attitudes toward both smoking and vaping than concurrent non-daily users. Among daily nicotine users, compared with exclusive daily smokers, reports of interest in quitting were higher in all concurrent use groups. Dual daily users had the most positive attitudes about smoking overall, and saw it as the least denormalized, and at the same time were equally interested in quitting as other concurrent users and were most likely to report intending to continue vaping. Conclusions In Australia, Canada, England and the United States in 2016, daily nicotine users differed considerably from non-daily nicotine users. Among daily nicotine users, dual daily users (those who smoke and vape concurrently) should be treated as a distinct grouping when studying relationships between smoking and vaping. The eight-level typology characterizing concurrent and exclusive use of smoking and vaping should be considered when studying both products.