Isolation and characterization of novel phorate-degrading bacterial species from agricultural soil
Isolation and characterization of novel phorate-degrading bacterial species from agricultural soil
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-013-2155-2
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Singh, Balwinder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jariyal, Monu;Gupta, V. K.;Singh, Balwinder
根据16 SrDNA序列同源性，对从甘蔗土壤中分离到的15株甲拌磷降解菌进行了鉴定，分别属于芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、短杆菌属（Brevibacterium）和葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）。在含有甲拌磷（50 μ g ml（-1））作为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基中，甲拌磷的相对降解确定了所有的细菌物种在21天内都能主动降解超过97%的甲拌磷。其中三个菌种，即嗜气芽孢杆菌菌株IMBL 4.1、耐冷短杆菌菌株IMBL 2.1和褐黄假单胞菌菌株IMBL 5.1被发现是最活跃的甲拌磷代谢者，在2天内降解超过96%的甲拌磷，在13天内降解100%的甲拌磷。通过气液色谱法对甲拌磷残留物进行定性分析，发现甲拌磷完全代谢，没有检测到任何已知甲拌磷代谢物的积累。除番茄红素菌株IMBL 5.1的半衰期（t1/2）在0.40 ~ 5.47天之间外，其它菌株对甲拌磷的降解均不符合一级动力学。
Based upon 16S rDNA sequence homology, 15 phorate-degrading bacteria isolated from sugarcane field soils by selective enrichment were identified to be different species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Brevibacterium, and Staphylococcus. Relative phorate degradation in a mineral salt medium containing phorate (50 mu g ml(-1)) as sole carbon source established that all the bacterial species could actively degrade more than 97 % phorate during 21 days. Three of these species viz. Bacillus aerophilus strain IMBL 4.1, Brevibacterium frigoritolerans strain IMBL 2.1, and Pseudomonas fulva strain IMBL 5.1 were found to be most active phorate metabolizers, degrading more than 96 % phorate during 2 days and 100 % phorate during 13 days. Qualitative analysis of phorate residues by gas liquid chromatography revealed complete metabolization of phorate without detectable accumulation of any known phorate metabolites. Phorate degradation by these bacterial species did not follow the first-order kinetics except the P. fulva strain IMBL 5.1 with half-life period (t1/2) ranging between 0.40 and 5.47 days.