An overview of the mid-infrared spectro-interferometer MATISSE: science, concept, and current status
An overview of the mid-infrared spectro-interferometer MATISSE: science, concept, and current status
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中红外光谱干涉仪 MATISSE 概述：科学、概念和现状
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发表时间：
2016
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通讯作者：
J. Woillez
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作者：
A. Matter;B. López;P. Antonelli;M. Lehmitz;F. Bettonvil;U. Beckmann;S. Lagarde;W. Jaffe;R. Petrov;P. Bério;F. Millour;S. Robbe;A. Glindemann;P. Bristow;M. Schoeller;T. Lanz;T. Henning;G. Weigelt;M. Heininger;S. Morel;P. Cruzalèbes;K. Meisenheimer;R. Hofferbert;S. Wolf;Y. Bresson;T. Agócs;F. Allouche;J. Augereau;G. Ávila;C. Bailet;J. Behrend;G. V. van Belle;J. Berger;R. van Boekel;P. Bourget;R. Brast;J. Clausse;C. Connot;R. Conzelmann;G. Csépány;W. Danchi;M. Delbo’;C. Dominik;A. van Duin;E. Elswijk;Y. Fantei;G. Finger;A. Gabasch;F. Gonté;U. Graser;F. Guitton;S. Guniat;M. de Haan;P. Haguenauer;H. Hanenburg;K. Hofmann;M. Hogerheijde;R. ter Horst;J. Hron;C. Hummel;J. Isderda;D. Ives;G. Jakob;A. Jaskó;P. Jolley;S. Kiraly;J. Kragt;T. Kroener;G. Kroes;S. Kuindersma;L. Labadie;W. Laun;C. Leinert;J. Lizon;C. Lucuix;A. Marcotto;F. Martinache;G. Martinot‐Lagarde;N. Mauclert;L. Mehrgan;A. Meilland;M. Mellein;S. Ménardi;A. Mérand;U. Neumann;E. Nussbaum;S. Ottogalli;R. Palsa;J. Panduro;E. Pantin;I. Percheron;T. Phan Duc;J. Pott;E. Pozna;R. Roelfsema;G. Rupprecht;D. Schertl;C. Schmidt;M. Schuil;A. Spang;J. Stegmeier;N. Tromp;F. Vakili;M. Vannier;K. Wagner;L. Venema;J. Woillez
MATISSE是帕拉纳尔甚大望远镜干涉仪（VLTI）的第二代中红外光谱仪和成像仪。这种新的干涉测量仪器将通过在各种基础研究领域开辟新的途径而取得重大进展：研究年轻恒星物体周围圆盘的行星形成区域，了解影响演化恒星的表面结构和质量损失现象，以及探测活动星系核中黑洞的环境。作为第一个突破，MATISSE将通过在N波段之外提供L和M波段来扩大当前光学干涉仪的光谱域。这将打开一个宽波长域，范围从2.8到13 μm，探索角尺度小至3 mas （L波段）/ 10 mas （N波段）。作为第二个突破，MATISSE将允许中红外成像-闭合相位孔径合成成像-与VLTI的多达四个单元望远镜（UT）或辅助望远镜（AT）。此外，马蒂斯将提供从R ~ 30到R ~ 5000的光谱分辨率范围。在这里，我们提出了主要的科学目标之一，即对原行星盘的研究，这推动了仪器的设计并推动了几次VLTI升级（GRA4MAT和NAOMI）。我们介绍了MATISSE的物理概念，包括探测器上信号的描述和预期性能的评估。我们还讨论了MATISSE仪器的当前状态，该仪器正在进入测试阶段，以及未来两年的预期时间表，这将导致帕拉纳尔的第一次照明。
MATISSE is the second-generation mid-infrared spectrograph and imager for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) at Paranal. This new interferometric instrument will allow significant advances by opening new avenues in various fundamental research fields: studying the planet-forming region of disks around young stellar objects, understanding the surface structures and mass loss phenomena affecting evolved stars, and probing the environments of black holes in active galactic nuclei. As a first breakthrough, MATISSE will enlarge the spectral domain of current optical interferometers by offering the L and M bands in addition to the N band. This will open a wide wavelength domain, ranging from 2.8 to 13 μm, exploring angular scales as small as 3 mas (L band) / 10 mas (N band). As a second breakthrough, MATISSE will allow mid-infrared imaging - closure-phase aperture-synthesis imaging - with up to four Unit Telescopes (UT) or Auxiliary Telescopes (AT) of the VLTI. Moreover, MATISSE will offer a spectral resolution range from R ∼ 30 to R ∼ 5000. Here, we present one of the main science objectives, the study of protoplanetary disks, that has driven the instrument design and motivated several VLTI upgrades (GRA4MAT and NAOMI). We introduce the physical concept of MATISSE including a description of the signal on the detectors and an evaluation of the expected performances. We also discuss the current status of the MATISSE instrument, which is entering its testing phase, and the foreseen schedule for the next two years that will lead to the first light at Paranal.