SELECTION FOR WINTER-HARDINESS IN WHEAT .3. SCREENING METHODS
SELECTION FOR WINTER-HARDINESS IN WHEAT .3. SCREENING METHODS
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1981.0011183x002100060023x
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
TYLER, NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FOWLER, DB;GUSTA, LV;TYLER, NJ
对冬小麦（T. aestivum L.）的生化、生理和形态特征（34）进行了评价，以确定其在冬季存活预测试验中的应用价值。不同抗寒潜力基因型的冷驯化植物在大多数性状上存在显著差异。在许多这些特征之间发现了密切的线性关联，表明有许多可能的筛选可以用作实地生存试验的补充。然而，它们充其量是粗略的筛选，而且由于实际关注的差异，实验误差的大小成为它们在选择野外生存潜力方面有用性的主要限制。田间存活率（FSI）和LT50估计值相对实验误差最小，遗传力值最高。Crown LT50估计值也给出了与FSI的最高相关性。然而，由于LT50是一种需要大量植物的破坏性试验，因此它仅限于非分离群体。组织含水量和LT50解释了FSI的类似变异性。由于组织含水量的测量精度不如LT50，因此它作为屏幕的用处不大。然而，当与植物直立度测量相结合时，组织含水量提供的FSI信息几乎与LT50一样多。叶片含水量和植物直立度都可以在不牺牲整个植物的情况下测量，因此，它们应该是有用的防寒屏障。
Biochemical, physiological and morphological characteristics (34) of winter wheat (T. aestivum L.) were evaluated to determine their usefulness in winter survival prediction tests. Differences among cold acclimated plants from genotypes with a range of cold hardiness potential were significant for most of the characteristics evaluated. Close linear associations were found among many of these characteristics indicating that there are a number of possible screens which could be utilized as a supplement to field survival trials. However, at best, they are coarse screens and, for differences of practical concern, size of experimental errors become a major limitation to their usefulness in selecting for field survival potential. Estimates of field survival (FSI) and LT50 had the smallest relative experimental errors and the highest heritability values. Crown LT50 estimates also gave the highest correlation with FSI. However, because LT50 is a destructive test which requires a large number of plants, it is limited to nonsegregating populations. Tissue water content and LT50 explained similar variability in FSI. Because tissue water content was not measured with as great a precision as LT50, it would appear less useful as a screen. However, when combined with a measure of plant erectness, tissue water content provided nearly as much information on FSI as did LT50. Both leaf water content and plant erectness can be measured without sacrificing entire plants and, therefore, they should be helpful winterhardiness screens.