Metabolic costs of fighting are driven by contest performance in male convict cichlid fish
Metabolic costs of fighting are driven by contest performance in male convict cichlid fish
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.05.001
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Earley, Ryan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Copeland, Donald L.;Levay, Bryan;Earley, Ryan L.
动物面临的最重要的决定之一是在一场激烈的竞争中是坚持还是投降。赢得这些遭遇战是值得的，但评估战斗成本并相应地调整行为决策可能同样经济。相对而言，很少有研究探讨了竞争成本的生理基础，更少的研究确定了动物在战斗中可能会注意的内部信号。我们探讨了生理参数之间的关系，包括能量底物，厌氧代谢产物和类固醇激素，比赛的表现和比赛的成功，在男性罪犯慈鲷，Amatitlania nigrofasciata。大小匹配的对被允许战斗，直到其中一个成员提交，随后收获组织进行分析。有没有显着的地位差异（赢家，失败者，控制），平均postfight生理措施。优势加固在一个短暂的postsettlement期间缓冲了赢家的压力反应。在胜利者和失败者，肌肉乳酸浓度与比赛强度呈正相关，而只有失败者表现出显着增加血浆葡萄糖浓度的比赛加剧。较大的慈鲷使用更昂贵的战斗策略比较小的同种，和大小不对称影响较大的动物之间的比赛结果显着比他们更小的动物之间。这些发现表明，战斗是代谢成本，这些成本的后果可能会有所不同，在一个大小依赖的方式。我们使用最近的文献上缩放的厌氧耐受性来评估的可能性，较大的慈鲷可能更耐受乳酸盐的积累，从而能够都从事更激烈的战斗战术，并坚持更长的时间在升级的战斗比稍微小的对手。比赛强度变化独立的质量不对称，但积极变化的绝对大小的赢家和输家，这表明定罪慈鲷使用自我评估策略，在比赛中与同样大小的对手。(C)2011年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
One of the most important decisions that an animal faces is whether to persist or surrender in an aggressive contest. It pays to win these encounters, but it might be just as economical to evaluate fighting costs and adjust behavioural decisions accordingly. Relatively few studies have explored the physiological basis of contest costs and fewer have determined the internal signals that animals might attend to during combat. We explored relationships between physiological parameters, including energy substrates, anaerobic metabolites and steroid hormones, and both contest performance and contest success in male convict cichlids, Amatitlania nigrofasciata. Size-matched pairs were allowed to fight until one member of the pair submitted, and tissues were subsequently harvested for analysis. There were no significant status differences (winner, loser, control) in mean postfight physiological measures. Dominance reinforcement during a short postsettlement period buffered the winners' stress response. In both winners and losers, muscle lactate concentrations correlated positively with contest intensity, while only losers showed a significant increase in plasma glucose concentrations as contests intensified. Larger cichlids used more costly fighting tactics than smaller conspecifics, and size asymmetries affected contest outcomes between larger animals significantly more than they did those between smaller animals. These findings suggest that fighting is metabolically costly and that the ramifications of these costs may differ in a size-dependent fashion. We use a recent literature on the scaling of anaerobic tolerance to evaluate the possibility that larger cichlids may be more tolerant of lactate accumulation, and thus able to both engage in more intense fighting tactics and persist longer in escalated fights than marginally smaller opponents. Contest intensity varied independently of mass asymmetries but varied positively with the absolute size of both the winner and loser, suggesting that convict cichlids use self-assessment strategies during contests with similarly sized opponents. (C) 2011 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.