Zinc catalysed electrophilic C-H borylation of heteroarenes.

Zinc catalysed electrophilic C-H borylation of heteroarenes.
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DOI:
10.1039/d1sc01883c
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发表时间:
2021-05-13
期刊:
影响因子:
8.4
通讯作者:
Ingleson MJ
Ingleson MJ
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grundy ME;Yuan K;Nichol GS;Ingleson MJ

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阳离子锌路易斯酸用品萘醇硼烷(HBPin)或儿茶酚硼烷(HBCat)催化杂环芳烃的C-H硼化反应。由[IDippZnEt][B(C6F5)4] (IDipp = 1,3-二(2,6-二异丙基苯基)咪唑-2-酰基)与N,N-二甲基-对甲苯胺(DMT)结合得到的亲电试剂在C-H硼化作用范围和产率方面最具活性。使用这种组合,弱活化的杂芳烃,如噻吩,可以通过HBCat催化C-H硼化。竞争反应表明,这些idipp -锌阳离子具有高度的亲氧性,但亲水性较差(相对于B(C6F5)3),并且硼化是通过锌亲电试剂激活氢硼烷(而不是杂芳烃)进行的。根据DFT计算,这种活化是通过氢硼烷氧与锌中心配位来产生硼亲电试剂,从而影响C-H硼化。因此,路易斯酸结合氢硼烷的氧位点代表了一种尚未开发的途径,以获得反应性硼型亲电试剂进行C-H硼化。阳离子锌路易斯酸用品萘醇硼烷(HBPin)或儿茶酚硼烷(HBCat)催化杂环芳烃的C-H硼化反应。
Cationic zinc Lewis acids catalyse the C–H borylation of heteroarenes using pinacol borane (HBPin) or catechol borane (HBCat). An electrophile derived from [IDippZnEt][B(C6F5)4] (IDipp = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) combined with N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMT) proved the most active in terms of C–H borylation scope and yield. Using this combination weakly activated heteroarenes, such as thiophene, were amenable to catalytic C–H borylation using HBCat. Competition reactions show these IDipp–zinc cations are highly oxophilic but less hydridophilic (relative to B(C6F5)3), and that borylation proceeds via activation of the hydroborane (and not the heteroarene) by a zinc electrophile. Based on DFT calculations this activation is proposed to proceed by coordination of a hydroborane oxygen to the zinc centre to generate a boron electrophile that effects C–H borylation. Thus, Lewis acid binding to oxygen sites of hydroboranes represents an under-developed route to access reactive borenium-type electrophiles for C–H borylation. Cationic zinc Lewis acids catalyse the C–H borylation of heteroarenes using pinacol borane (HBPin) or catechol borane (HBCat).
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