The use of dietary supplements and medications by Canadian athletes at the Atlanta and Sydney Olympic Games
The use of dietary supplements and medications by Canadian athletes at the Atlanta and Sydney Olympic Games
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DOI：
10.1097/01.jsm.0000194766.35443.9c
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Pipe, AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, SH;Johnson, K;Pipe, AL
目的：目的：了解1996年亚特兰大奥运会和2000年悉尼奥运会上加拿大运动员膳食补充剂和药物的使用情况。背景和参与者：数据收集自对参加1996年亚特兰大奥运会和2000年悉尼奥运会的加拿大运动员的个人访谈。加拿大医生就维生素、矿物质、营养补充剂、处方药和非处方药的使用情况对运动员进行了采访。在271名参加亚特兰大奥运会的加拿大运动员中，有257名运动员接受了采访;在悉尼奥运会上，304名加拿大运动员中有300名接受了采访。主要结果测量：对亚特兰大和悉尼奥运会上加拿大运动员使用膳食补充剂的定量和定性描述。在亚特兰大奥运会上，69%的运动员使用某种形式的膳食补充剂，而在悉尼奥运会上，74%的运动员使用膳食补充剂。亚特兰大59%的男性和66%的女性服用了维生素，悉尼65%的男性和58%的女性服用了维生素。亚特兰大有16%的男性和45%的女性使用矿物质补充剂，悉尼有30%的男性和21%的女性使用矿物质补充剂。亚特兰大35%的男性和43%的女性使用营养补充剂，悉尼43%的男性和51%的女性使用营养补充剂。在两届奥运会上，最受欢迎的维生素都是多种维生素。最受欢迎的矿物质补充剂是铁补充剂。亚特兰大最常用的营养补充剂是肌酸（14%），但氨基酸（15%）是悉尼最常用的营养补充剂。在亚特兰大，61%的运动员使用某种形式的药物，在悉尼，54%的运动员使用药物。非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDS）是两届奥运会上最常用的药物。在所有运动中，维生素使用率最高的是亚特兰大的拳击（91%）和悉尼的游泳（76%）。划船运动员（56%）和骑自行车运动员（73%）使用矿物质补充剂的比例最高。游泳（56%）和骑自行车（100%）时最常使用营养补充剂。使用非甾体抗炎药是最高的垒球（60%）在亚特兰大和体操（100%）在悉尼。结论：这项审查表明，膳食补充剂的使用是常见的加拿大运动员在亚特兰大和悉尼奥运会。悉尼奥运会期间膳食补充剂的总使用量略有增加。补充剂的广泛使用，再加上缺乏其功效的证据，以及对“无意”使用兴奋剂的可能性的担忧，突出了在这一领域采取适当重点教育举措的必要性。
Objective: To learn more about the prevalence of dietary supplement and medication use by Canadian athletes in the Olympic Games in Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000.Setting and Participants: Data were collected from personal interviews with Canadian athletes who participated at the 1996 Atlanta and 2000 Sydney Olympic Gaines. The athletes were interviewed by Canadian physicians regarding the use of vitamins, minerals, nutritional supplements, and prescribed and over-the-counter medications. Of the 271 Canadian athletes who participated at the Atlanta Olympics, 257 athletes were interviewed; at the Sydney Olympics, 300 of 304 Canadian athletes were interviewed.Main Outcome Measurement: A quantitative and qualitative description of the use of dietary supplements by Canadian athletes at the Atlanta and Sydney Olympics.Results: At the Atlanta Games, 69% of the athletes used some form of dietary supplements, whereas 74% of the athletes used dietary supplements at the Sydney Games. Vitamins were taken by 59% of men and 66% of women in Atlanta, and 65% of men and 58% women in Sydney. Mineral supplements were used by 16% of men and 45% of women in Atlanta, and 30% of men and 21% of women in Sydney. Nutritional supplements were used by 35% of men and 43% of women in Atlanta, and 43% of men and 51% of women in Sydney. The most popular vitamins were multivitamins in both Olympics. The most popular mineral supplements were iron supplements. The most commonly used nutritional supplement in Atlanta was creatine (14%), but amino acids (15%) were the most commonly used nutritional supplement in Sydney. In Atlanta, 61% of the athletes were using some form of medication, 54% of the athletes were using medications in Sydney. Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) were the most commonly used medications at both Olympic Games. Among all sports, the highest prevalence of vitamin use occurred in boxing (91%) in Atlanta and swimming (76%) in Sydney. Rowers (56%) and cyclists (73%) demonstrated the highest use of mineral supplements. Nutritional supplement use occurred most often in swimming (56%) and cycling (100%). The use of NSAIDs was highest in softball (60%) in Atlanta and gymnastics (100%) in Sydney.Conclusion: This review demonstrates that dietary supplement use was common among Canadian athletes at both the Atlanta and Sydney Olympic Games. There was a slight increase in total dietary supplement use at the Sydney Games. Widespread use of supplements, combined with an absence of evidence of their efficacy and a concern for the possibility of "inadvertent" doping, underscore the need for appropriately focused educational initiatives in this area.