Oral Health Care in the Future: Expansion of the Scope of Dental Practice to Improve Health.
Oral Health Care in the Future: Expansion of the Scope of Dental Practice to Improve Health.
复制标题
DOI：
10.21815/jde.017.038
复制
发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Myers-Wright, Noreen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lamster, Ira B;Myers-Wright, Noreen
美国的医疗保健环境正在发生变化。人口正在老龄化，非传染性疾病（NCD）的患病率正在增加，缺牙正在减少，牙周感染/炎症已被确定为NCD的风险因素。这些趋势为口腔保健提供者提供了一个机会，以扩大传统牙科实践的范围，特别是更多地参与患者的一般健康管理。这种新的实践模式将促进与更大的医疗保健系统更紧密地结合起来。这种变化是基于认识到健康的口腔对健康的生活至关重要，包括适当的咀嚼，交流，美学和舒适。提出了两种类型的初级保健：对直接受口腔疾病影响的医疗状况进行筛查（并可能修改牙科保健的提供），以及更广泛地强调预防，重点是生活方式行为。前一类包括非传染性疾病的筛查（例如，心血管疾病的风险和识别患有未确诊的糖尿病或管理不善的糖尿病的患者），以及识别传染病，如艾滋病毒或丙型肝炎。减少疾病的风险可以通过强调戒烟和饮食摄入以及预防肥胖来实现。这些活动将促进跨专业的保健教育和实践。虽然改变总是具有挑战性的，但这种新的实践模式可以改善口腔健康和牙科诊所患者的健康结果。本文是作为“推进世纪牙科教育”项目的一部分而撰写的。"
The health care environment in the U.S. is changing. The population is aging, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing, edentulism is decreasing, and periodontal infection/inflammation has been identified as a risk factor for NCDs. These trends offer an opportunity for oral health care providers to broaden the scope of traditional dental practice, specifically becoming more involved in the management of the general health of patients. This new practice paradigm will promote a closer integration with the larger health care system. This change is based on the realization that a healthy mouth is essential for a healthy life, including proper mastication, communication, esthetics, and comfort. Two types of primary care are proposed: screenings for medical conditions that are directly affected by oral disease (and may modify the provision of dental care), and a broader emphasis on prevention that focuses on lifestyle behaviors. Included in the former category are screenings for NCDs (e.g., the risk of cardiovascular disease and identification of patients with undiagnosed dysglycemia or poorly managed diabetes mellitus), as well as identification of infectious diseases, such as HIV or hepatitis C. Reducing the risk of disease can be accomplished by an emphasis on smoking cessation and dietary intake and the prevention of obesity. These activities will promote interprofessional health care education and practice. While change is always challenging, this new practice paradigm could improve both oral health and health outcomes of patients seen in the dental office. This article was written as part of the project "Advancing Dental Education in the 21st Century."