Violent Crime, Residential Instability and Mobility: Does the Relationship Differ in Minority Neighborhoods?
Violent Crime, Residential Instability and Mobility: Does the Relationship Differ in Minority Neighborhoods?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10940-010-9093-7
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Hipp, John R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boggess, Lyndsay N.;Hipp, John R.
这项研究考察了暴力犯罪和社区稳定之间的互动关系。我们通过比较两种不同的稳定性指标来测试稳定性的形式是否重要：传统的住宅稳定性指数和专门关注房主稳定性的新方法。我们还考察了发生这种稳定的社区的种族/民族构成是否影响了不稳定与暴力犯罪的关系。为了检验居住流动性和犯罪率之间的同步关系，我们利用1992年至1997年洛杉矶的数据，在控制社区社会经济和人口特征的情况下，估计了暴力犯罪率和房屋销售率变化的双重多变量潜在曲线模型。结果表明，最初的暴力犯罪水平增加了随后几年住宅不稳定的轨迹，无论这种不稳定是具体以房主成交量衡量的，还是基于所有居民的指数。然而，不稳定对暴力犯罪的影响只有在根据一般住宅营业额指数衡量不稳定时才明显，而不是在将业主的存在纳入这一衡量标准时，或者在根据房主营业额衡量不稳定时才明显。我们一直发现，稳定的拉美裔社区显示出防止暴力的保护作用。
This study examines the reciprocal relationship between violent crime and residential stability in neighborhoods. We test whether the form of stability matters by comparing two different measures of stability: a traditional index of residential stability and a novel approach focusing specifically on the stability of homeowners. We also examine whether the racial/ethnic composition of the neighborhood in which this stability occurs affects the instability-violent crime relationship. To test the simultaneous relationship between residential mobility and crime we estimate a dual multivariate latent curve model of the change in the violent crime rate and the change in the rate of home sales while controlling for neighborhood socioeconomic and demographic characteristics using data from Los Angeles between 1992 and 1997. Results indicate that the initial level of violent crime increases the trajectory of residential instability in subsequent years, whether the instability is measured as homeowner turnover specifically, or based on an index of all residents. However, the effect of instability on violent crime is only apparent when measuring instability based on an index of general residential turnover and not when including the presence of owners in this measure, or when measuring it based on homeowner turnover. We consistently find that stable highly Latino communities exhibit a protective effect against violence.