Phosphatized coprolites from the middle Cambrian (Stage 5) Duyun fauna of China
Phosphatized coprolites from the middle Cambrian (Stage 5) Duyun fauna of China
复制标题
中国中寒武世（第五期）都匀动物群磷酸盐化粪化石
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.05.035
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发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xi-guang Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cen Shen;Brian R. Pratt;Xi-guang Zhang
在中国南部贵州都匀中寒武世(5期)高台组中发现了细小的磷化钴长石。它们呈椭圆形、棒状、卷曲或正弦状，可分为四种形态类型。其中三个由细晶(无定形)磷灰石组成，取代了消化的有机质和可能的泥质沉积物，第四个由生物碎屑组成，属于古脊椎动物真皮硬壳、缓生甲壳或舌状腕足类瓣膜的猎物。小球呈细长的簇状分布，大约有100个椭球体。这些集群表明，生产者的消化系统能够将摄入的物质压缩成单独的颗粒，然后将其驱逐出去，而不会受到肠道和肛门后部肌肉收缩的影响。另一方面，有不规则环形凹槽的杆状粪便表明消化物质的挤出过程涉及到强烈的肌肉收缩和压缩。填满硬质岩石和瓣膜的棒状物表明，这些坚硬的部分是未消化的有机体碎片。窦状粪便表明在排出之前摄入了大量的物质，并可能伴随着肛门后部的移动。卷曲的形态类型表明，从肠道相对较长的长体动物身上排出了松散的物质。颗粒簇由悬浮喂料器或沉淀物喂料器产生。两种或两种以上的无脊椎动物消耗有机物和可能的石灰泥，可能是作为沉积物的喂食者，而至少另一种以蠕虫、辫子和/或腕足类为食。这些保存完好的粪便化石的不同形状和含量证实，中寒武世底栖动物群落表现出一种复杂的营养结构，涉及一系列广泛的营养行为，包括捕食者-猎物和食腐动物的关系，可能还包括在猎物生命周期背景下的猎物选择性。
Minute phosphatized coprolites have been recovered from the middle Cambrian (Stage 5) Gaotai Formation in Duyun, Guizhou, southern China. They occur as ellipsoidal, rod-like and coiled or sinusoidal objects that can be classified into four morphotypes. Three of these consist of finely crystalline (‘amorphous’) apatite that replaced digested organic matter and possibly muddy sediment, while a fourth is composed of bioclasts belonging to the prey animals of either palaeoscolecid dermal sclerites, bradoriid carapaces or lingulate brachiopod valves. Pellets occur in elongate clusters of up to about 100 ellipsoids. These clusters indicate that the producers' digestive systems were able to compress ingested material into individual pellets which were then expelleden massewithout being shaped by muscle contractions in the latter portion of the intestine and anus. On the other hand, rod-like faeces with irregular annular grooves indicate a process of extrusion of digested material involving strong muscle contraction and compaction. Rods packed with sclerites and valves indicate that these hard parts are undigested organism fragments. Sinusoidal faeces point to ingestion of a great deal of material before extrusion, and possibly accompanied by movement of the anus-bearing posterior. The coiled morphotype suggests defecation of loosely compacted material from a long animal with a correspondingly long gut. Pellet clusters were produced by either a suspension feeder or a deposit feeder. Two or more types of invertebrates consumed organic matter and possibly lime mud, probably as deposit-feeders, while at least one other preyed upon worms, bradoriids and/or brachiopods. The different shapes and contents of these uniquely preserved coprolites confirm that the middle Cambrian benthic community exhibited a complex trophic structure involving a wide array of nutritional behaviours, including predator–prey and scavenger relationships, possibly along with prey selectivity in the context of prey life cycles.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Xi-guang Zhang;J. Bergström;R. Bromley;X. Hou
通讯作者：
Xi-guang Zhang;J. Bergström;R. Bromley;X. Hou
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Lerosey-Aubril R;Hegna TA;Kier C;Bonino E;Habersetzer J;Carré M
通讯作者：
Carré M
DOI：
--
发表时间：
--
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Walcott
通讯作者：
C. Walcott
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
D. Shu;Hl Luo;S. Morris;X-L. Zhang;S-X. Hu;L. Chen;J. Han;M. Zhu;Y. Li;L-Z. Chen
通讯作者：
D. Shu;Hl Luo;S. Morris;X-L. Zhang;S-X. Hu;L. Chen;J. Han;M. Zhu;Y. Li;L-Z. Chen
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Northwood, C
通讯作者：
Northwood, C