A surprisingly high pair fraction for extremely massive galaxies at z ~ 3 in the GOODS NICMOS survey

A surprisingly high pair fraction for extremely massive galaxies at z ~ 3 in the GOODS NICMOS survey
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GOODS NICMOS 巡天中 z ~ 3 处极大质量星系的对比例高得惊人

DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00608.x
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2009
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利用GOODS南北场的深空哈勃空间望远镜NICMOS数据,计算了82个大质量星系(M*> 10 ~(11)M_(11))在1.7 <z< 3.0时的主对分数,并导出了主合并分数和合并率。我们的NICMOS数据第一次提供了具有足够角分辨率和深度的成像,以整理足够大的大质量星系atz> 1.5的样本,从而可靠地测量它们的配对分数历史。我们发现强有力的证据表明,对分数的大质量星系的红移演变。我们计算出整个样本在1.7 <z< 3.0时的配对分数m = 0.29 ± 0.06。具体来说,我们适合的幂律函数的形式fm =f0(1 +z)m的低红移数据的组合样本,最近获得的高红移数据从GOODS NICMOS调查。我们发现自由参数的最佳拟合为0 = 0.008 ± 0.003和m = 3.0 ± 0.4。我们继续将理论上激发的Press-Schechter曲线拟合到这些数据。这种Press-Schechter拟合和数据显示没有平稳或翻转的迹象,这意味着大质量星系的合并比例继续上升,红移达到2.3。由于先前的工作已经确定,低质量星系的合并分数在1.5-2.0之间,这证明了高质量星系比低质量星系更早地经历了更多的合并,即星系集合体缩小。最后,我们计算出当α < 5 × 105 Gpc-3Gyr-1时的合并率atz= 2.6,当α < 1.2 × 105 Gpc-3Gyr-1atz= 0.5时,合并率没有显著变化。这相当于一个平均M *> 1011 M的星系在z = 3和0之间经历了1.7 ± 0.5次合并。
We calculate the major pair fraction and derive the major merger fraction and rate for 82 massive (M*> 1011M⊙) galaxies at 1.7 <z< 3.0 utilizing deepHubble Space TelescopeNICMOS data taken in the GOODS north and south fields. For the first time, our NICMOS data provide imaging with sufficient angular resolution and depth to collate a sufficiently large sample of massive galaxies atz> 1.5 to reliably measure their pair fraction history. We find strong evidence that the pair fraction of massive galaxies evolves with redshift. We calculate a pair fraction offm= 0.29 ± 0.06 for our whole sample at 1.7 <z< 3.0. Specifically, we fit a power-law function of the formfm=f0(1 +z)mto a combined sample of low-redshift data from and recently acquired high-redshift data from the GOODS NICMOS survey. We find a best fit to the free parameters off0= 0.008 ± 0.003 andm= 3.0 ± 0.4. We go on to fit a theoretically motivated Press–Schechter curve to this data. This Press–Schechter fit, and the data, shows no sign of levelling off or turning over, implying that the merger fraction of massive galaxies continues to rise with redshift out toz∼ 3. Since previous work has established that the merger fraction for lower mass galaxies turns over atz∼ 1.5–2.0, this is evidence that higher mass galaxies experience more mergers earlier than their lower mass counterparts, i.e. a galaxy assembly downsizing. Finally, we calculate a merger rate atz= 2.6 of ℜ < 5 × 105Gpc-3Gyr-1, which experiences no significant change to ℜ < 1.2 × 105Gpc-3Gyr-1atz= 0.5. This corresponds to an averageM*> 1011M⊙galaxy experiencing 1.7 ± 0.5 mergers betweenz= 3 and 0.
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发表时间: 2008
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发表时间: 2005
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