Effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) nanoparticle on the growth and immunity of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii: potential toxicological risks to the aquatic crustaceans
Effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) nanoparticle on the growth and immunity of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii: potential toxicological risks to the aquatic crustaceans
复制标题
二氧化钛（TiO2）/活性炭（AC）纳米颗粒对罗氏沼虾生长和免疫的影响：对水生甲壳类动物的潜在毒理学风险
DOI：
10.1007/s11356-022-24555-8
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发表时间：
2022-12-07
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Qiu, Gaofeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guo, Ziqi;Zuo, Jiabao;Qiu, Gaofeng
纳米材料由于其独特的物理化学特性，表现出许多优异的性能和功能，使其在众多领域得到应用。纳米材料的大规模生产和广泛应用不可避免地导致其向环境特别是水环境中的释放。多项研究已证实，接触纳米材料可能对水生生物有毒。然而，很少有研究关注纳米材料暴露对甲壳类动物生长和免疫力的影响。在本研究中，罗氏沼虾幼鱼暴露于不同浓度的二氧化钛（TiO2）/活性炭（AC）复合纳米材料（0.1和0.5 mg/L）中45天。评估了纳米颗粒暴露对消化和抗氧化相关酶活性以及生长和免疫相关基因和信号通路表达的影响。我们的结果表明，在低浓度的 TiO2/AC 纳米颗粒（0.1 mg/L）下，大多数与消化和抗氧化相关的酶活性（TPS、LPS、AMS、SOD 和 CAT）都会减弱。相反，TiO2/AC纳米颗粒浓度为0.1 mg/L组时，GSH-Px活性增加。此外，当暴露于 0.5 mg/L TiO2/AC 纳米颗粒时，我们检测到的消化酶和抗氧化酶活性水平有所增加。与对照组生长相关基因的表达水平相比，0.1和0.5 mg/L浓度的TiO2/AC纳米颗粒显着抑制了MSTN、CaBP、E75、Raptor、EcR和EGF的表达量，而不同浓度的TiO2/AC纳米颗粒处理后，与免疫相关的基因（TLR、JAK、STAT、PPAF、ACP和AKP）的表达水平增加。 TiO2/AC 纳米粒子。与对照组（0 mg/L浓度）相比，TiO2/AC纳米颗粒组中鉴定出5166个DEG，大量DEG参与蜕皮、能量代谢、应激耐受和生殖细胞发育。此外，KEGG分析显示，许多DEG被分配到与代谢生长和免疫应激相关的信号通路中。这些结果表明，暴露于TiO2/AC纳米粒子会导致酶活性和常规mRNA表达的变化，表明水环境中存在的TiO2/AC纳米粒子可能影响罗氏沼虾的生理。这项研究将为评估纳米材料对水生甲壳类动物的毒性提供重要信息。
Due to their unique physicochemical characteristics, nanomaterials exhibit many excellent properties and functions, leading to their applications in numerous fields. The large-scale production and widespread application of nanomaterials have inevitably resulted in their release into the environment, especially the water environment. Several studies have confirmed that exposure to nanomaterials can be toxic to aquatic organisms. However, few studies have focused on the effects of nanomaterial exposure on growth and immunity in crustaceans. In the present study, juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii were exposed to different concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) composite nanomaterial (0.1 and 0.5 mg/L) for 45 days. The effects of nanoparticle exposure on digestion and antioxidant-related enzyme activities, as well as the expression of growth and immunity- related genes and signaling pathway, were evaluated. Our results show that in response to low concentration of TiO2/AC nanoparticle (0.1 mg/L), most of the enzyme activities related to digestion and antioxidation (TPS, LPS, AMS, SOD, and CAT) were diminished. On the contrary, the GSH- Px activity increased under the 0.1 mg/L group of TiO2/ AC nanoparticle concentration. Additionally, the level of digestive and antioxidant enzyme activities we detected was increased when exposed to 0.5 mg/ L TiO2/AC nanoparticle. By comparison to the expression level of growth-related genes in the control group, MSTN, CaBP, E75, Raptor, EcR, and EGF were significantly inhibited at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L concentrations of TiO2/AC nanoparticle, whereas the expression level of genes (TLR, JAK, STAT, PPAF, ACP, and AKP) related to immunity was increased when exposed to different concentrations of TiO2/AC nanoparticle. Compared with the control group (0 mg/L concentration), 5166 DEGs were identified in the TiO2/AC nanoparticle group, and a large number of DEGs were involved in molting, energy metabolism, stress tolerance, and germ cell development. Moreover, KEGG analysis revealed that many DEGs were assigned into signaling pathways related to metabolic growth and immune stress. These results showed that exposure to TiO2/AC nanoparticle will result in the changes of enzyme activity and routine mRNA expression, suggesting that TiO2/AC nanoparticle which existed in aquatic environment might affect the physiology of M. rosenbergii. This study will provide significant information for the evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity on aquatic crustaceans.