Further observations on the association between smoking and the long-term incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration
Further observations on the association between smoking and the long-term incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration
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DOI：
10.1001/archopht.126.1.115
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klein, Barbara E. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Klein, Ronald;Knudtson, Michael D.;Klein, Barbara E. K.
目的：研究吸烟与年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）15年累积发病率之间的关系。方法：在威斯康星州的Beaver Darn，年龄在43至84岁（N=4926）的人群中进行基于人群的纵向队列研究，1987-1988年。参与者在1988-1990年进行了检查，并在15年的时间内每隔5年进行复查。结果：控制年龄、性别和基线AMD严重程度后，基线时吸烟者与从不吸烟者相比，早期AMD发病风险增加在15年的随访中，AMD的进展（比值比，1.47; 95%置信区间，1.08-1.99; P=.01）和AMD的进展（比值比，1.43; 95%置信区间，1.05-1.94; P=.02）。吸烟的具体特征（如吸烟强度、吸烟包年数、吸烟持续时间和开始吸烟和戒烟时的年龄）与AMD outcomes.Conclusions：吸烟似乎与AMD的长期发病率和进展有关。这具有重要的卫生保健意义，因为早期AMD增加了发展晚期AMD的风险，并且吸烟行为是可以改变的。
Objective: To examine the association between smoking and the 15-year cumulative incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods: Population-based longitudinal cohort study of people in Beaver Darn, Wisconsin, who were aged 43 to 84 years (N=4926) in 1987-1988. Participants were examined in 1988-1990 and were reexamined at 5-year intervals during a 15-year period. Age-related macular degeneration status was determined by grading stereoscopic color fundus photographs.Results: Controlling for age, sex, and baseline AMD severity, people who were current smokers at baseline, compared with those who never smoked, were at increased risk of incident early AMD (odds ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.99; P=.01) and for progression of AMD (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.94; P=.02) during a 15-year follow-up. There were few associations of specific characteristics of smoking (eg, intensity, pack-years smoked, duration, and age at initiation and quitting) with AMD outcomes.Conclusions: Smoking appears to be related to the long-term incidence and progression of AMD. This has important health care implications because early AMD increases the risk of developing late AMD and smoking behavior is modifiable.