Innovations in Ventilative Cooling
Innovations in Ventilative Cooling
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通风冷却的创新
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-72385-9_13
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Schoenefeldt H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schoenefeldt H
通风冷却是当代实践的关注点，但对历史建筑设计的研究表明，使用通风冷却是一种更长期的做法。它在整个十九世纪和二十世纪上半叶被广泛用于公共建筑，通常与其他历史技术结合使用。本章提供了一个重要的审查通风冷却作为一个历史性的做法，使用上议院作为案例研究。这提供了一个环境，在引入机械制冷和空调之前，可以研究冷却建筑物的挑战。在两个辩论厅内，通风以三种不同的方式用于冷却目的。除了（1）降低室内空气温度之外，通风还用于（2）利用空气运动的冷却效果，（3）还用于冷却建筑织物，遵循夜间吹扫通风的原理。本章以1835年至1950年为重点，从现实主义的角度重新审视了用户、科学研究人员和技术人员获得的经验和知识，阐明了通过通风冷却实现热舒适性的实际挑战，包括机械和自然方法。这表明，历史上的做法不仅涉及技术，而且涉及管理和用户体验的角度。
Ventilative cooling is a concern of contemporary practice, but research into the design of historic buildings has illustrate that the use of ventilation for cooling has been a much more longstanding practice. It was widely utilised in public buildings throughout nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, often in conjunction with other historic techniques. This chapter provides a critical examination of ventilative cooling as a historic practice, using the House of Lords as case study. This provides a setting where the challenges of cooling buildings before the introduction of mechanical refrigeration and air conditioning can be studied. Inside the two debating chambers ventilation was utilised for cooling purpose in three different ways. In addition to (1) reducing the indoor air temperature, ventilation was utilized to (2) harness the cooling effect of air movement, (3) and also to cool the architectural fabric, following the principal of night-purge ventilation. Focusing on the period from 1835 until 1950 and taking a realist perspective this chapter re-examines the experience and knowledge that users, scientific researchers and technical staff had acquired, illuminating the practical challenges of achieving thermal comfort through ventilative cooling, covering both mechanical and natural methods. This shows that historic practices not only engaged with the technological but also managerial and user-experience perspectives.