The normal movements of the colon in man
The normal movements of the colon in man
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人体结肠的正常运动
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1913.sp001613
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发表时间：
1913
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Newton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Hertz;A. Newton
过去几年通过胃和小肠的 X 射线进行的研究使人们对它们的运动功能有了清晰的了解。然而，直到最近，结肠正常运动的本质仍然是一个完整的谜团。每当食用铋餐后检查结肠的阴影时，都会发现它完全不动，因此人们认为其内容物沿着结肠的移动取决于蠕动波，但蠕动波太慢而无法观察到。然而，有两个例外。 1907 年初，Hertz 和 Schlesinger 观察了排便过程，发现粪便和升结肠的内容物全部进入横结肠，而脾曲以外的所有物质都通过骨盆结肠和直肠排出。 1908 年 4 月，我们中的一个人有机会观察了一位妇女在因骨盆直肠曲癌引起的阻塞而发生严重绞痛期间结肠内容物的运动。突然，盲肠和横结肠都清晰可见，而升结肠却看不见了。然后影子突然冲向骨盆直肠曲处的梗阻处，使空腔和横结肠空了；下一刻，铋再次冲回盲肠。在此过程中，人们感觉到结肠的不同部分上升并收缩成硬索，诺斯纳格尔将这种现象描述为肠硬化。粪便从结肠一端流到另一端的时间不超过一两秒，没有看到明显的蠕动或反蠕动波。随后给出的解释是，阻碍
THE researches carried out during the last few years by means of the X-rays on the stomach and small intestines have led to a clear understanding of their motor functions. The nature of the normal movements of the colon has, however, until recently retnained a complete mystery. Whenever the shadow of the colon was examined after a bismuith meal, it was found to be completely immobile, so that it was assumed that the progress of its contents along the colon depended upon peristaltic waves, which were too slow to be observed. There were, however, two exceptions. Early in 1907 Hertz and Schlesinger' watched the process of defaecation and saw the contents of the cocum and ascending colon move bodily into the transverse colon, whilst everything beyond the splenic flexure was carried through the pelvic colon and rectum and evacuated. In April, 1908, one of us2 had an opportunity of watching for several minutes the movements of the contents of the colon of a woman during an attack of severe colic, due to obstruction produced by cancer of the pelvi-rectal flexure. At one moment the caecum and the transverse colon were seen and the ascending colon was invisible; then the shadow suddenly rushed towards the obstruction at the pelvi-rectal flexure, leaving the coacum and transverse colon empty; the next moment the bismuth had rushed back to the caecum again. Whilst this was going on, different parts of the colon were felt to rise up and contract into hard cords, the phenomenon being what Nothnagel described as intestinal stiffening. Not more than a second or two was occupied in the passage of the faeces from one end of the colon to the other, and no definite peristaltic or antiperistaltic waves were seen. The explanation then offered was that the obstruction