Seafood sleuthing: How citizen science contributed to the largest market study of seafood mislabeling in the U.S. and informed policy
Seafood sleuthing: How citizen science contributed to the largest market study of seafood mislabeling in the U.S. and informed policy
复制标题
海鲜调查：公民科学如何促成美国最大的海鲜标签错误市场研究和知情政策
DOI：
10.1016/j.marpol.2018.10.035
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
R. Hanner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimberly A. Warner;B. Lowell;W. Timme;E. Shaftel;R. Hanner
一个海洋保护组织发起了一场海鲜欺诈行动，通过制定在美国销售的所有海鲜的全链船盘可追溯性政策，提高全球海鲜供应链的透明度。作为这场行动的一部分，该组织的在线成员被招募来记录和收集商业海鲜样本，这是对美国海鲜贴错标签，特别是物种替代的大规模调查的一部分。经过反复的项目设计，包括对样品保存方法和宣传材料进行了几轮试点测试，55,000多名成员中的1058人报名成为“海鲜侦探”，并收到了邮寄的海鲜检测工具包，其中包含提交他们选择的两个鱼类样品的用品。平均而言，在11个大都市地区，这些公民科学家中有33.4%(353/1058)退还了包含631个样本的试剂盒，接近整个研究收集的1263个样本的一半。对公民科学数据质量的评估显示，与训练有素的科学家收集的样本和数据相比，样本完整性、数据完整性和标签错误的比率相当。公民科学外联活动为在线成员人口提供了更多的信息和参与，他们继续采取行动，与其决策者一起推进海产品可追溯性政策。公民科学宣传是一项成功活动的组成部分，这项活动包括吸引大众媒体关注的科学、传播战略和宣传海鲜可追溯性，这导致了美国第一个海鲜可追溯性法规。
A seafood fraud campaign was launched by an ocean conservation group to increase transparency in global seafood supply chains by enacting policies on full chain boat-to-plate traceability for all seafood sold in the U.S. As part of this campaign, online members of the group were recruited to document and collect commercial seafood samples as part of a large investigation of U.S. seafood mislabeling, specifically species substitution. Following an iterative project design including several rounds of pilot testing of sample preservation methods and outreach materials, 1058 of the more than 55,000 members solicited signed up to be a “seafood sleuth” and were mailed seafood testing kits, containing supplies to submit two fish samples of their choice. On average, 33.4% (353/1058) of these citizen scientists in 11 metropolitan areas returned kits that contained 631 samples, or nearly half of the 1263 samples collected in the overall study. Assessment of the quality of citizen science data revealed comparable rates of sample integrity, data completeness and mislabeling compared to samples and data collected by trained scientists. Citizen science outreach provided a more informed and engaged online member population, who continued to take actions to advance seafood traceability policies with their decision makers. Citizen science outreach was an integral part of a successful campaign that included science, communication strategies to garner mass media attention and advocacy to promote seafood traceability which resulted in the first seafood traceability regulation in the U.S.