The history of the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
The history of the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
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美国免疫实践咨询委员会 (ACIP) 的历史。
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.043
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
L. Pickering
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. R. Walton;W. Orenstein;L. Pickering
美国免疫实践咨询委员会 (ACIP) 是一个联邦咨询委员会，负责为美国平民使用经食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 许可的疫苗制定书面建议。疫苗开发和疾病爆发促使该国需要一个系统化、基于科学的正式机制来制定国家免疫政策。 ACIP 成立于 1964 年，肩负着这一职责。该委员会在其50年的历史中，在结构和业务活动方面经历了重大变化。 ACIP 与许多联络组织密切合作，制定其免疫建议，并在主要专业医学协会之间进行协调。 ACIP 疫苗建议形成两个免疫计划，每年更新：(1) 儿童和青少年免疫计划和 (2) 成人免疫计划。如今，一旦 ACIP 建议被疾病控制与预防中心主任和卫生与公众服务部部长采纳，这些建议就会发表在发病率和死亡率周报 (MMWR) 中，成为官方政策，并纳入适当的免疫接种计划中。
The United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is a federal advisory committee that develops written recommendations for use of vaccines licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the U.S. civilian population. Vaccine development and disease outbreaks contributed to the need for a systematized, science-based, formal mechanism for establishing national immunization policy in this country. Formed in 1964, the ACIP was charged with this role. The committee has undergone significant changes in structure and operational activities during its 50-year history. The ACIP works closely with many liaison organizations to develop its immunization recommendations, which are harmonized among key professional medical societies. ACIP vaccine recommendations form two immunization schedules, which are updated annually: (1) the childhood and adolescent immunization schedule and (2) the adult immunization schedule. Today, once ACIP recommendations are adopted by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, these recommendations are published inMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report(MMWR), become official policy, and are incorporated into the appropriate immunization schedule.