Introduction to J. B. Erhard's 'Devil's Apology' (1795)
Introduction to J. B. Erhard's 'Devil's Apology' (1795)
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J. B. Erhard 的《魔鬼的道歉》简介 (1795)
DOI：
10.1080/09608788.2018.1441806
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Clarke J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarke J
约翰·本雅明·艾哈德（1766-1827）是早期后康德学派中最有趣、最具哲学意义的人物之一。艾哈德出生在纽伦堡一个卑微的家庭，在分别去维尔茨堡和耶拿学习医学和哲学之前，他自学了哲学和拉丁语。他是一名成功的医生，并于1823年被任命为柏林的首席医疗官。作为一名发表著作的哲学家，他的职业生涯虽然短暂，但同样成功，他受到当时主要哲学家的尊重，在某些情况下还对他们产生了影响。艾哈德在很小的时候就阅读了克里斯蒂安·沃尔夫的哲学（他自学了拉丁语），并最初致力于沃尔夫的理性主义。在阅读《纯粹理性批判》后，他转向了康德的批判哲学。然而，像他同时代的许多人一样，《实践理性批判》似乎对他影响最深。在他的回忆录中，他这样描述他对第二批判的阅读：[A]与我在[阅读]康德的《实践理性批判》的某些段落中感受到的精神刺激相比，我在生活中获得的所有快乐都减少了。最幸福的泪水从我身上滴在这本书上，后来，每当生活中的不幸事件和悲伤的心境阻碍了我的快乐前景时，甚至连我生命中那些幸福日子的记忆也湿润了我的眼睛，安慰了我。
Johann Benjamin Erhard (1766-1827) is one of the most interesting and philosophically significant of the early post-Kantians. 1 Born in Nuremberg into a humble family, Erhard taught himself philosophy and Latin before going on to study medicine and philosophy at, respectively, Würzburg and Jena. He enjoyed a successful career as a medical doctor and was appointed Chief Medical Officer in Berlin in 1823. His career as a published philosopher, although short-lived, was no less successful, and he was respected by, and in some cases exerted an influence on, the leading philosophers of his day. Erhard read the philosophy of Christian Wolff at a young age (he taught himself Latin to do so) and was initially committed to Wolffian rationalism. He converted to KantLs Critical Philosophy on reading the Critique of Pure Reason. However, like many of his contemporaries, the Critique of Practical Reason seems to have influenced him most profoundly. In his Memoirs, he describes his reading of the second Critique as follows:[A] ll pleasure that I obtained in life dwindled in comparison with the stimulation of my mind that I felt in [reading] certain passages of KantLs Critique of Practical Reason. Tears of the highest bliss fell from me onto this book, and afterwards even the memory of those happy days of my life moistened my eyes and consoled me every time adverse events and a sorrowful cast of mind obstructed any joyful outlook in this life.