Human DNA repair genes
Human DNA repair genes
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1056154
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发表时间：
2001-02-16
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Lindahl, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wood, RD;Mitchell, M;Lindahl, T
细胞DNA受到细胞内活性物质和环境因子的持续攻击。通过不同的修复途径，毒性和致突变的后果被最小化，这里描述了130种已知的人类DNA修复基因。目前值得注意的特征包括四种可以从DNA中去除尿嘧啶的酶，七种与RAD 51相关的重组基因，以及许多最近发现的绕过损伤的DNA聚合酶，但只有一种系统可以去除紫外线诱导的主要DNA损伤。通过与模式生物的比较，以及确定三维蛋白质结构中的常见折叠，将发现更多的人类DNA修复基因。DNA修复的调节将导致临床应用，包括改善放射治疗和抗癌药物治疗以及对细胞衰老过程的深入了解。
Cellular DNA is subjected to continual attack, both by reactive species inside cells and by environmental agents. Toxic and mutagenic consequences are minimized by distinct pathways of repair, and 130 known human DNA repair genes are described here. Notable features presently include four enzymes that can remove uracil from DNA, seven recombination genes related to RAD51, and many recently discovered DNA polymerases that bypass damage, but only one system to remove the main DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet Light. More human DNA repair genes will be found by comparison with model organisms and as common folds in three-dimensional protein structures are determined. Modulation of DNA repair should Lead to clinical applications including improvement of radiotherapy and treatment with anticancer drugs and an advanced understanding of the cellular aging process.