Morphological characters and molecular data reveal three new species of Fomitopsis (Basidiomycota)
Morphological characters and molecular data reveal three new species of Fomitopsis (Basidiomycota)
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形态特征和分子数据揭示了 Fomitopsis（担子菌门）的三个新种
DOI：
10.1007/s11557-019-01527-w
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Cui, Bao-Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Shun;Song, Chang-Ge;Cui, Bao-Kai
拟层孔菌属是一种重要的世界性褐腐菌属。最近的系统发育分析表明拟层孔菌属是多系的。在拟层孔菌属的分类研究中，发现了3个新种。基于来自内转录间隔区（ITS）、核核糖体RNA基因大亚基（nLSU）、核核糖体RNA基因小亚基（nSSU）、线粒体rRNA基因小亚基（mtSSU）、RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基（RPB 2）和翻译延伸因子1-α基因（TEF）的序列进行系统发育分析，证实了三个新种在Fomitopsis sensu stricto内的亲缘关系。卡里拟层孔菌（Fomitopsis caribensis sp. nov.）发现于波多黎各，特征为具菌毛，担子瘤易碎，干燥后变硬木栓质，新鲜时孔表面为白色至奶油色，干燥时为粉红色浅黄色，圆形至角形小孔（每毫米6-9个），担孢子圆柱形至长椭圆形（6-7.5 × 2.3-3.1 μm）。新记录了采自澳大利亚的拟层孔菌（Fomitopsis eucomiticola sp. nov.）其特征为：倒出-反折，菌毛表面乳白色至橙红色，新鲜时孔表面乳白色至黄色，干燥时变为浅黄色至粘土-浅黄色，偶见单隔的骨骼状菌丝，长孢囊（15-36 × 2-5.3 μm），担孢子圆柱形至长椭圆形（5.8-9.1 × 2.7-5 μm），生长于桉树上。银杏拟层孔菌属（Fomitopsis ginkalopsis sp. nov.）其特征是担孢子具柔毛，覆瓦状，硬木栓质，孔表面粉红色至肉桂色，担孢子圆柱形（7.2-9 × 2.2-3 μm），生长在活体银杏上。
Fomitopsis is an important, cosmopolitan brown-rot genus. Recent phylogenetic analyses showed that Fomitopsis was polyphyletic. During the taxonomic studies of Fomitopsis, three new species were discovered. Phylogenetic analyses carried out based on sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU), the small subunit of mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF), confirmed the affinities of three new species within Fomitopsis sensu stricto. Fomitopsis caribensis sp. nov. was discovered from Puerto Rico and is characterized by pileate, fragile basidiomata, becoming hard corky upon drying, a white to cream pore surface when fresh, pinkish buff when dry, round to angular and small pores (6–9 per mm), and cylindrical to oblong-ellipsoid basidiospores (6–7.5 × 2.3–3.1 μm). Fomitopsis eucalypticola sp. nov. was collected from Australia. It is characterized by effused-reflexed to pileate basidiomata, cream to salmon pileal surface, cream to yellow pore surface when fresh, becoming buff to clay-buff when dry, occasionally simple-septate skeletal hyphae, long cystidioles (15–36 × 2–5.3 μm), cylindrical to oblong-ellipsoid basidiospores (5.8–9.1 × 2.7–5 μm), and growth on Eucalyptus. Fomitopsis ginkgonis sp. nov. was found from China. It is characterized by its pileate, imbricate, hard corky basidiomata, pinkish buff to cinnamon-buff pore surface, cylindrical basidiospores (7.2–9 × 2.2–3 μm), and growth on living Ginkgo biloba.