Neuropsychological change in young people at high risk for schizophrenia: results from the first two neuropsychological assessments of the Edinburgh High Risk Study
Neuropsychological change in young people at high risk for schizophrenia: results from the first two neuropsychological assessments of the Edinburgh High Risk Study
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291799002585
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Johnstone, EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cosway, R;Byrne, M;Johnstone, EC
背景对具有患精神分裂症的遗传高风险的个体群体的研究发现，神经心理障碍突出了精神分裂症基因型的可能特征标记。本文描述了在爱丁堡高风险研究的前两次评估中，高风险参与者的神经心理功能的变化及其与精神状态的关系。78名高风险参与者和22名正常对照者，年龄和性别匹配，间隔18个月至2年完成了两次神经心理学评估。评估的功能领域包括智力功能、执行功能、学习和记忆以及言语能力和语言。在两次评估中，高风险参与者在非文字记忆和执行功能的特定测试中的表现明显不如匹配的对照组。那些经历过精神病症状的高风险参与者被发现表现出智商下降，并且在非文字记忆和执行功能测试中表现得比那些没有症状的人更差。在高危组中，两次评估之间精神病症状的增加与智商和记忆力的明显下降相关。结果表明，精神病症状的发展是由智商和记忆力下降。这可能分别反映了一个一般和一个更具体的疾病过程。
Background. Studies of groups of individuals who have a genetically high risk of developing schizophrenia, have found neuropsychological impairments that highlight likely trait markers of the schizophrenic genotype. This paper describes the change in neuropsychological function and associations with psychiatric state of high risk participants during the first two assessments of the Edinburgh High Risk Study.Methods. Seventy-eight high risk participants and 22 normal controls, age and sex matched completed two neuropsychological assessments 18 months to 2 years apart. The areas of function assessed include intellectual function, executive function, learning and memory, and verbal ability and language.Results. The high risk participants performed significantly worse on particular tests of verbal memory and executive function over the two assessments than matched controls. Those high risk participants who experienced psychotic symptoms were found to exhibit a decline in IQ and perform worse on tests of verbal memory and executive function than those without symptoms. An increase in psychotic symptoms between the two assessments in the high risk group was found to be associated with an apparent decline in IQ and memory.Conclusions. The results suggest that the development of psychotic symptoms is preceded by a decline in IQ and memory. This may reflect a general and a more specific disease process respectively.