Thermal state of permafrost and active‐layer monitoring in the antarctic: Advances during the international polar year 2007–2009
Thermal state of permafrost and active‐layer monitoring in the antarctic: Advances during the international polar year 2007–2009
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DOI：
10.1002/ppp.685
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发表时间：
2010-04
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
G. Vieira;J. Bockheim;M. Guglielmin;M. Balks;A. Abramov;J. Boelhouwers;N. Cannone;L. Ganzert;D. Gilichinsky;S. Goryachkin;J. López-Martínez;I. Meiklejohn;R. Raffi;M. Ramos;C. Schaefer;E. Serrano;F. Simas;R. Sletten;D. Wagner
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文献类型：
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作者：
G. Vieira;J. Bockheim;M. Guglielmin;M. Balks;A. Abramov;J. Boelhouwers;N. Cannone;L. Ganzert;D. Gilichinsky;S. Goryachkin;J. López-Martínez;I. Meiklejohn;R. Raffi;M. Ramos;C. Schaefer;E. Serrano;F. Simas;R. Sletten;D. Wagner
本文介绍了国际极地年（International Polar Year， IPY）期间获得的关于南极永久冻土和活动层热状态的研究成果，这是国际极地年（International Polar Year， IPY）国际永久冻土协会和南极研究科学委员会开发的重点项目之一ANTPAS （Antarctic permafrost and Soils）的一部分。在IPY期间，用于多年冻土和活动层监测的钻孔数量从21个增加到73个，而用于监测活动层的CALM - S站点从18个增加到28个。南设得兰群岛近海平面多年冻土温度略低于0°C，表明该地区接近多年冻土的气候边界，对气候变化的敏感性最高。南极大陆的永久冻土带温度要低得多：从海岸到内陆，随着海拔的升高，北维多利亚地的永久冻土带温度在- 13.3°C至- 18.6°C之间，麦克默多干谷的永久冻土带温度在- 17.4°C至- 22.5°C之间，弗莱明山（罗斯岛）的高海拔永久冻土带温度降至- 23.6°C。南极大陆的其他监测区域也显示出寒冷的永久冻土：莫德女王地在冰峰上的温度低至- 17.8℃，而在海拔80 m的Novolazarevskaya （Schirmacher绿洲），永久冻土温度为- 8.3℃。Enderby Land的Molodeznaya沿海站点显示永久冻土温度为- 9.8°C， Vestfold Hills地区的Larsemann Hills - Progress Station记录为- 8.5°C， Marie Byrd Land的Russkaya记录为- 10.4°C。在国际极地年期间获得的这张快照显示，南极地面温度的变化范围比北极大。版权所有©2010 John Wiley & Sons， Ltd
Results obtained during the International Polar Year (IPY) on the thermal state of permafrost and the active layer in the Antarctic are presented, forming part of ANTPAS (‘Antarctic Permafrost and Soils’), which was one of the key projects developed by the International Permafrost Association and the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research for the IPY. The number of boreholes for permafrost and active‐layer monitoring was increased from 21 to 73 during the IPY, while CALM‐S sites to monitor the active layer were increased from 18 to 28. Permafrost temperatures during the IPY were slightly below 0°C in the South Shetlands near sea‐level, showing that this area is near the climatic boundary of permafrost and has the highest sensitivity to climate change in the region. Permafrost temperatures were much lower in continental Antarctica: from the coast to the interior and with increasing elevation they ranged between −13.3°C and −18.6°C in Northern Victoria Land, from −17.4°C to −22.5°C in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, and down to −23.6°C at high elevation on Mount Fleming (Ross Island). Other monitored regions in continental Antarctica also showed cold permafrost: Queen Maud Land exhibited values down to −17.8°C on nunataks, while in Novolazarevskaya (Schirmacher Oasis) at 80 m a.s.l. the permafrost temperature was −8.3°C. The coastal stations of Molodeznaya at Enderby Land showed permafrost temperatures of −9.8°C, Larsemann Hills – Progress Station in the Vestfold Hills region – recorded −8.5°C, and Russkaya in Marie Byrd Land, −10.4°C. This snapshot obtained during the IPY shows that the range of ground temperatures in the Antarctic is greater than in the Arctic. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.