Tree‐Inspired Design for High‐Efficiency Water Extraction
Tree‐Inspired Design for High‐Efficiency Water Extraction
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DOI：
10.1002/adma.201704107
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发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Mingwei Zhu;Yiju Li;Guang Chen;Feng Jiang;Zhi Yang;Xiaoguang Luo;Yanbin Wang;Steven D. Lacey-Steven-D.-La
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mingwei Zhu;Yiju Li;Guang Chen;Feng Jiang;Zhi Yang;Xiaoguang Luo;Yanbin Wang;Steven D. Lacey-Steven-D.-La
太阳能蒸汽过程类似于自然水循环，被认为是解决全球水资源短缺问题的一种有吸引力的方法。然而，例如，利用这些现有技术从地下水中抽水尚未得到证明。此外，从海水中提取饮用水还存在尚未解决的重大挑战，包括盐分积累和长期蒸发稳定性，这些都需要进一步研究。在此，报道了一种完全由天然木材组成的高性能太阳能蒸汽装置。原始的天然木材被沿着横向切割，顶部表面被抛光以创建独特的双层结构。这种以树木为灵感的设计为水提取提供了独特的优势，包括在介孔木材中快速的水传输和蒸发，在表面开放的木材通道内的高光吸收（> 99%），低导热率以避免热损失，以及成本效益。该设备还具有在海水中的长期稳定性，不会产生盐积累，以及用于地下水提取的高性能。这种以树木为灵感的设计提供了一种廉价且可扩展的太阳能收集和蒸汽发生技术，可以在全球范围内提供清洁水，特别是对于农村或偏远地区，那里的水不仅稀缺，而且还受到取水材料和方法的限制。
The solar steam process, akin to the natural water cycle, is considered to be an attractive approach to address water scarcity issues globally. However, water extraction from groundwater, for example, has not been demonstrated using these existing technologies. Additionally, there are major unaddressed challenges in extracting potable water from seawater including salt accumulation and long‐term evaporation stability, which warrant further investigation. Herein, a high‐performance solar steam device composed entirely of natural wood is reported. The pristine, natural wood is cut along the transverse direction and the top surface is carbonized to create a unique bilayer structure. This tree‐inspired design offers distinct advantages for water extraction, including rapid water transport and evaporation in the mesoporous wood, high light absorption (≈99%) within the surface carbonized open wood channels, a low thermal conductivity to avoid thermal loss, and cost effectiveness. The device also exhibits long‐term stability in seawater without salt accumulation as well as high performance for underground water extraction. The tree‐inspired design offers an inexpensive and scalable solar energy harvesting and steam generation technology that can provide clean water globally, especially for rural or remote areas where water is not only scarce but also limited by water extraction materials and methods.