A membrane-sensing mechanism links lipid metabolism to protein degradation at the nuclear envelope.

A membrane-sensing mechanism links lipid metabolism to protein degradation at the nuclear envelope.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.202304026
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发表时间:
2023-09-04
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
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其他
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Lee等人表明,动物细胞的内核膜(INM)具有独特的脂质组成,其受CTDNEP 1/lipin 1的局部控制。驻留的INM蛋白Sun 2中的两亲性螺旋感测脂质的局部变化并有助于其INM保留。脂质组成决定细胞器的身份,然而,是否内质网的内核膜(INM)域的脂质组成有助于其身份尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明,动物细胞的INM脂质环境是由CTDNEP 1,磷脂酸磷酸酶lipin 1的主调节剂的局部控制。CTDNEP 1的缺失减少了INM特异性二酰基甘油(DAG)生物传感器的缔合,并导致含有DAG物质的多不饱和物质的百分比降低。DAG代谢的改变影响了本地蛋白酶体调节下的驻留INM蛋白Sun 2的水平。我们确定了一个脂质结合的两亲性螺旋(AH)的核质结构域的太阳2,更喜欢膜包装缺陷。Sun 2 AH的INM解离与其蛋白酶体降解有关。我们认为,直接的脂质-蛋白质相互作用有助于塑造的INM蛋白质组和INM的身份是适应脂质代谢,这与核膜相关的疾病机制具有广泛的影响。
Lee et al. show that the inner nuclear membrane (INM) of animal cells harbors a unique lipid composition that is under local control by CTDNEP1/lipin1. An amphipathic helix in the resident INM protein Sun2 senses local changes in lipids and contributes to its INM retention. Lipid composition determines organelle identity; however, whether the lipid composition of the inner nuclear membrane (INM) domain of the ER contributes to its identity is not known. Here, we show that the INM lipid environment of animal cells is under local control by CTDNEP1, the master regulator of the phosphatidic acid phosphatase lipin 1. Loss of CTDNEP1 reduces association of an INM-specific diacylglycerol (DAG) biosensor and results in a decreased percentage of polyunsaturated containing DAG species. Alterations in DAG metabolism impact the levels of the resident INM protein Sun2, which is under local proteasomal regulation. We identify a lipid-binding amphipathic helix (AH) in the nucleoplasmic domain of Sun2 that prefers membrane packing defects. INM dissociation of the Sun2 AH is linked to its proteasomal degradation. We suggest that direct lipid–protein interactions contribute to sculpting the INM proteome and that INM identity is adaptable to lipid metabolism, which has broad implications on disease mechanisms associated with the nuclear envelope.
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