Incidence and progression of astigmatism in Singaporean children
Incidence and progression of astigmatism in Singaporean children
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.04-0492
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Tan, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tong, L;Saw, SM;Tan, D
目的.本研究调查了学龄儿童散光的发病率和进展情况，以及与散光变化相关的因素。这是一项前瞻性队列研究。在4年的时间里，每年对7至9岁的华裔、马来人和亚洲印第安人儿童进行检查。进行了睫状肌麻痹自动验光。采用问卷调查评估糖尿病发病率和进展的危险因素。散光的3年累积发生率为33.6%（柱镜度0.5 D或更差）或11.5%（柱镜度1.0 D或更差）。近视儿童散光发生率高于非近视儿童（P < 0.001）。J 0每年的平均变化为0.012 D（95% CI：0.007-0.018），而J 45每年未显示出显著变化（平均值为0.001 D/年）。中国儿童的J 0每年恶化幅度更大（P < 0.001）。女孩的J 0进展也明显大于男孩（P < 0.001）。同样，基线近视（P < 0.001）和使用电脑的时间（P = 0.049）与J 0的进展率更高相关。J 0值在散光儿童中有提高的趋势，在散光儿童中有恶化的趋势，在混合散光儿童中保持稳定。虽然在随访期间学龄儿童散光进展最小（0.44-0.53 D），但散光事件（>1.0 D）并不罕见。散光的进展率受种族、近视的存在、轴向和散光亚型的影响。
PURPOSE. This study investigated the incidence and progression, as well as factors associated with changes in astigmatism in school children.METHODS. This was a prospective cohort study. Children 7 to 9 years of age, of Chinese, Malay, and Asian Indian ethnicity, were examined annually over a 4-year period. Cycloplegic autorefraction was performed. A questionnaire was used to evaluate risk factors for incidence and progression of astigmatism.RESULTS. The cumulative 3-year incidence rate of astigmatism was 33.6% (cylinder power of 0.5 D or worse) or 11.5% (cylinder power of 1.0 D or worse). Myopic children had a higher incidence rate of astigmatism than nonmyopes (P < 0.001). The mean J0 change per year was 0.012 D (95% Cl: 0.007-0.018), whereas J45 did not show a significant change each year (mean, 0.001 D per year). Chinese children had greater worsening of J0 per year (P < 0.001). Girls also had significantly greater progression of J0 than did boys (P < 0.001). Similarly, myopia at baseline (P < 0.001) and the hours of computer use (P = 0.049) were associated with a greater progression rate of J0. J0 tended to improve in children with compound hyperopic astigmatism, worsen in children with compound myopic astigmatism, and remain stable in mixed astigmatics.CONCLUSIONS. Although there was minimal progression of astigmatism in school age children (0.44-0.53 D) over this period of follow-up, incident cases of astigmatism (>1.0 D) were not uncommon. The progression rate of astigmatism was affected by the ethnicity, presence of myopia, axis, and subtype of astigmatism.