A high seed yield and associated attributes of dry matter production achieved by recent Japanese soybean cultivars
A high seed yield and associated attributes of dry matter production achieved by recent Japanese soybean cultivars
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最近的日本大豆品种实现了高种子产量和干物质生产的相关属性
DOI：
10.1080/1343943x.2017.1294463
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. Toyota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laaorthip Maitree;M. Toyota
摘要 2014 年和 2015 年进行了田间试验，以表征高产大豆干物质积累的相关属性。我们试图通过在高地试验田中采用新品种“Hatsusayaka”和当前领先品种“Sachiyutaka”以两种种植密度引入窄行种植来创造高产环境。根据光拦截和辐射利用效率（RUE）评估干物质积累。进行生长分析以评估作物生长率（CGR）以及净同化率（NAR）和平均叶面积指数对CGR的贡献。 2015年，在高种植密度下，Hatsusayaka和Sachiyutaka的大豆最高产量分别为590和658 g m−2，相应的最大地上干物质分别为1463和1331 g m−2，最大LAI分别为8.5和7.6。尽管累积拦截的太阳辐射低于以前的研究，但开花期开始时的早期冠层关闭和非常高的 RUE（Hatsusayaka 和 Sachiyutaka 分别为 1.54 和 1.68 g MJ−2）有助于高干物质积累。与2015年的高产相反，2014年8月上旬持续过量的土壤水分可能抑制了根瘤固氮，降低了氮含量，导致比叶面积极高，叶片绿度较低，这与同期较低的NAR非常吻合。
Abstract Field experiments were carried out in 2014 and 2015 to characterize the associated attributes responsible for dry matter accumulation in high-yielding soybean. We attempted to create a high-yielding environment by introducing narrow-row planting at two planting densities, using a new cultivar ‘Hatsusayaka’ and a current leading cultivar ‘Sachiyutaka’ in an upland experimental field. Dry matter accumulation was assessed in terms of light interception and radiation use efficiency (RUE). Growth analysis was performed to evaluate the crop growth rate (CGR) and the contribution of the net assimilation rate (NAR) and mean leaf area index to CGR. Maximum soybean yields of 590 and 658 g m−2 were obtained for Hatsusayaka and Sachiyutaka, respectively, in 2015 at the high planting density, with the corresponding maximum aboveground dry matter equaling 1463 and 1331 g m−2 and maximum LAI equaling 8.5 and 7.6. Although cumulative intercepted solar radiation was lower than in previous studies, early canopy closure at around the beginning of the flowering stage and very high RUE (1.54 and 1.68 g MJ−2 for Hatsusayaka and Sachiyutaka, respectively) contributed to the high dry matter accumulation. In contrast to the high yield in 2015, continuous excess soil moisture in early August 2014 may have inhibited nodule nitrogen fixation and decreased the nitrogen content, resulting in an extremely high specific leaf area and low leaf greenness, which agrees well with the low NAR during the corresponding period.